Vol 2 Chapter 25: , Exploring Mars (on)

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"Zhenghe" started to decelerate when it was one day away from Mars. The acceleration depends on a powerful nuclear fusion engine. The deceleration still depends on the traditional plasma engine. Naturally, it must advance a lot before the speed can be reduced enough. The extent to which Mars was captured.
"Didi ~~" Although there is still a day's journey from Mars, the scientists led by Jiang Zhipeng have begun to work fully, all kinds of instruments are turned on, and all the data about Mars will be quickly obtained.
When on Earth, scientists can measure distant celestial bodies according to various instruments such as astronomical telescopes, and the data is also very accurate. It is natural that scientists at Qingquan Technology are so close to Mars, and there is no problem at all. You can also get more accurate data.
Mars, with a mass of 4219x10 ?? kg, is about 1/10 of the earth and 9 times the moon (this place can also reflect the importance of the moon to humans, and the planet closest to you is only 9 times heavier than the moon) , The diameter is half of the earth, the volume is only 15% of the earth, and the surface area is only the size of the earth's land area.
The surface gravity is about 5 times that of the moon and 2/5 of the earth, which means that the ants that can lift 2 pounds on the earth can lift 5 pounds of objects on Mars (well, the ants can lift so heavy Something? Author Bacteria).
The autobiographical cycle is 6229 hours, and Earth's is 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 3 seconds, which means that a day on Mars is more than 24 hours and a half hours; the revolution cycle is 687 days, and the Earth's revolution cycle is 24219 days, which means that Mars is one year old. The time is 687 days. Earth people are going to spend 2 years, and Mars talents are in their first year.
Compared to the Earth, which has only one younger brother, the Moon, Mars has two satellites, Phobos and Phobos, but the quality of the brothers is not at all a level. Many of Mars' satellites can only be regarded as large-scale meteorites. The shape is still very irregular, and even the ball is not counted. It is really not even the ball. The quality of the 2 satellites is not enough to form enough gravity to shape their own image, and it is completely different from our moon. grade.
Mars's orbit is elliptical, so the temperature difference between the perihelion and the distant celestial point is nearly 160 degrees Celsius at the place where it is exposed to the sun. This has a huge impact on Mars' climate.
The average temperature on Mars is about minus 63 degrees, but there is a huge temperature difference from minus 133 degrees in winter to nearly 27 degrees in summer during the day. In other words, most of the time here is even colder than the coldest north and south poles on the earth. The coldest temperature is even 133 degrees below zero, and the hottest time is only 27 degrees. Frozen, let alone humans, it's too cold here, let's go back to the earth!
Mars's atmospheric density is only about 1% of Earth's, very dry, low temperature, average surface temperature of minus 55c, water and carbon dioxide are easy to freeze, the main components of the atmosphere are carbon dioxide (3%) plus nitrogen (7%), argon (6%) and trace amounts of oxygen (15%) and water vapor (03%).
The composition of the Earth's atmosphere is mainly nitrogen, 1%; oxygen 9%; argon 93%; and a small amount of carbon dioxide, rare gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, krypton) And water vapor.
By comparison, we find that the content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of Mars is too high, and the oxygen is almost negligible. The rare gases are not much different from each other. They are not suitable for the survival of humans on earth. The atmosphere is low and the oxygen content is too low!
...
"Can it really be transformed into a place suitable for human habitation? It is simply impossible to accomplish!" Faced with such harsh conditions, even omnipotent scientists shook their heads, and it was too difficult!
"It's interesting because it's difficult. We scientists just have to do those impossible things!" Jiang Zhipeng saw where other scientists shook their heads and quickly cheered everyone up.
"Jianggong, this Mars is okay to say, this is the atmosphere and water. I think it is the biggest test. The temperature is low. We test to increase the light and increase the temperature by setting a reflector in space. But this water and the atmosphere ~" The scientist's name is Win a Century, a very interesting name, a scientist who specializes in researching and searching for life in the universe.
"Don't worry, let's take a look at the South Pole of Mars. The reflectivity here is very high. Maybe it is really as estimated by American scientists. There is really solid carbon dioxide here, and there may be water in its depths. And if you look at the traces left by ancient lakes and rivers on Mars, I think there is likely to be water on Mars! "Jiang Zhipeng is more confident than others.
"The temperature is so low, even if there is liquid, it is not necessarily water!" Winning a hundred years still shook his head, and expressed his opposition to Jiang Zhipeng's optimism. The scientists are like this. I don't care who you are, as long as you can't convince me, you can't get it. Come out with truth, I dare to oppose you.
"Is there water? I won't know tomorrow. I will just go to Mars and take some samples and come back!" Jiang Zhipeng smiled.
As Mars gets closer and closer, the data obtained by scientists are constantly revised. The red Mars is gradually enlarged. Because of the thin atmosphere, the surface of Mars can be clearly seen from the space of Mars. The entire planet is red and yellow.
Mars is basically a desert planet. The surface is full of sand dunes and gravels. The geological activity of Mars is relatively inactive. Most of the surface landforms were formed during ancient and active periods. There are dense craters, volcanoes and canyons, including the highest mountain in the solar system— Olympus Mountain and the largest canyon-Sailor Canyon.
Another unique topographical feature is the obvious difference between the northern and southern hemispheres: the south is an ancient highland filled with craters, and the north is a younger plain, the difference is very obvious.
At the same time, as previously seen, there is a thick polar crown on the north and south poles of Mars. As for the composition of the scientists, they can already be sure, that is, dry ice and water!
"Mars really has water!" After being confirmed, many scientists are ecstatic and have been bothering earth scientists for hundreds of years, and finally get accurate answers.
It must be known that since the beginning of the last century, when human eyes shifted from the earth to the interstellar universe, Mars has always been a planet suitable for future immigrants, and the debate over whether there is water on Mars has also plagued Earth. Scientists, countries such as the United States and the former Soviet Union have even launched many probes to Mars.
But limited to technical and distant distances, the question of whether Mars has water has not been answered accurately.
Now, Qingquan science and technology scientists who have reached Mars' orbit can finally determine that the polar caps covered by the north and south poles of Mars really contain water, and the water content should not be small.
"There is really water!" Liu Qingquan, who also received accurate information, also showed a smile on his face. The most urgent need for the transformation of the planet for immigration is water! As long as there is water, other conditions can be transformed by scientific means, but if there is no water, everything is blind!
You can't say that water is transported from the earth. You must know that even with the huge volume of "Zhenghe", it can't transport much water at a time, which is even more insignificant for a planet.
"If all of the ice on Mars is melted, it can increase the current density of Mars' atmosphere by 20 times, that is, 20% of the density of the Earth's atmosphere. At the same time, it can also obtain about 10,000 cubic kilometers of water. / 35, 1/130000 of the earth's water resources! "
Win a hundred years frowning and calculating the water resources on Mars. This Mars has water, but this water is too little! Only 1/35 of the earth's fresh water resources and 130,000 of the earth's water resources are too few!
With such a little water, apart from all kinds of unusable ones that are emitted into the air, there will be less water that can be used by humans!
There is water, but this amount is too small, which makes scientists who have just been happy for a long time shake their heads again!
The density of the atmosphere can be increased by 20 times. This is very good! You should know that the ice here is basically composed of dry ice and water. After melting them, carbon dioxide can rise into the atmosphere, increasing the density of the atmosphere, and carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, which is very helpful for raising the temperature of Mars.
"Jiangong, this water is too little! It's not enough to have slime! The polar crowns on the north and south poles of Mars are too high in carbon dioxide and too little in water!" Win hundred years helplessly said with a smile. It refers to the evaporation of water to land on Mars in the form of precipitation.
"Things need to be viewed from two sides. Isn't this the density of the atmosphere that can be increased, and it's all greenhouse gases, and it's not very helpful for the temperature rise of Mars!"
Compared to other people's disappointment, Jiang Zhipeng is very happy. Although Mars has less water, after all, there is still water, and the transformation of the atmosphere is already eye-catching.
"Unless there is still a large amount of water underground on Mars, the water found by Mars alone is not enough to transform Mars into a human-friendly planet!" Win a hundred years shook his head and expressed his own inferences.
"If Mars is to be transformed into a human-friendly planet, the water resources needed to cover at least the plains on the northern hemisphere of Mars will be at least 30 times as much as it is now, that is, all fresh water on Earth It's enough to move over! "
"Don't worry, there will be some bread, there will be some houses, and there will naturally be water!" Jiang Zhipeng said neatly, this Mars has found a lot of water, so scientists estimate that the Jupiter satellite contains a lot of water resources. Most things will not be wrong! (To be continued.) Mobile users please browse and read for a better reading experience.