Vol 4 Chapter 189: , Measuring scale

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The development of science and technology has continuously improved the ability of human beings to understand the world, and human beings have become more and more aware of their own world, and they have learned more and more.
In ancient times, humans used to draw a map of their own lives, often using mountains, rivers, etc. as reference objects. The maps they draw are no more than hundreds of miles in their own lives, and they are often not clear and accurate. .
With the further development of science and technology, mankind has entered the feudal society. At this time, human beings have already studied the world they live in, such as ancient Chinese astrological officials. When drawing a map of their country, they will refer to the sun, The maps drawn by the moon, stars, etc. are very extensive and the relative accuracy is unsatisfactory.
In modern times, with the rise of modern scientific thinking, the development of the Western Enlightenment, and the rise of humanities, for the first time, humans have a relatively correct understanding of the time of their lives, knowing that they live on a huge ball. And with the rise of the great voyage, the world map slowly became clear.
In the 20th century, with the development of aerospace technology, humans began to see the world they lived in from space, and they intuitively and clearly recognized the world they were in, drawn a highly accurate world map, and even where they were. All the galaxies have enough knowledge to draw a map of the galaxy.
Later, with the development of imperial technology, humans officially entered the universe, galloping across the galaxy, how to determine their position and distance in the galaxy, and how to accurately draw the star map of the entire galaxy. Scientists It is very clever to use pulsars for precise positioning so that you will not get lost in the universe.
Now that the empire has reached the level 6 universe civilization, it has become a true universe civilization. To mix in the universe, how to draw the cluster of Virgo galaxies, the cluster of galaxies in which the Milky Way is located, how to accurately measure the distance between river systems, and many more The problem has plagued the astronomical scientists of the Empire!
Long ago, in fact, cosmic astronomy scientists have mastered a method that can measure the distance between river systems-Cepheid variable stars!
A Cepheid variable star is a type of variable star. Its light-changing period (that is, the time that the brightness changes for one week) is directly proportional to its luminosity, so it can be used to measure the distance between interstellar and intergalactic systems. Most of these variable stars are type F stars (hot stars of moderate temperature) when the luminosity is extremely high; type G stars (cold stars like the sun) when the luminosity is extremely small.
The typical star is Cepheus δ. John Goodley discovered its light variation phenomenon in 1784. In 1912, Levitt of the Harvard Observatory discovered the period-photometric relationship of the Cepheid variable star.
Cepheid variable stars are a class of high-luminance periodic pulsating variable stars, that is, their brightness changes periodically with time. It is named after the typical celestial throne δ (Chinese name Cepheid 1). Since the distance between star clusters and galaxies can be determined based on the relationship between Cepheid variable light and the surrounding light, Cepheid variable stars are known as "meter scales".
This method of Cepheid variable stars can measure very far distances between river systems, so we can get the title of "meter scale", but in essence this method is to study what you can receive from outside the distant river system In the spectrum of light, millions of light years have passed between river systems, and light has traveled for millions of years.
So the light we see in the Milky Way from the Andromeda galaxy and the triangle galaxy is all light emitted from millions of years. It is not special to study these lights to measure and infer the distance between the river systems. Accurate, and more importantly, there is no way to know the exact location of the distant river system now.
You need to know that the Andromeda galaxy, the Milky Way galaxy, the Triangular galaxy, and so on. These river systems are moving along an unknown trajectory at high speeds every moment. The position moved over millions of years will be very amazing. The error can be huge.
Now the empire wants to expand the extragalactic galaxy. Although the space transmission technology is awesome, but if you ca n’t even do precise positioning, the deviation of the space transmission will be further enlarged, and the deviation will already occur. You even have the river system. The precise positioning of the current can not be obtained, the deviation will be very alarming, maybe a space teleportation will be transmitted to the sea of ​​death between the river system and the river system, that would be miserable!
The cosmic astronomers of the Empire continued to study, and finally came up with two methods that can span distant distances, calculate the distant distances between river systems in real time, and accurately locate the river systems at the same time, and the deviation will be very small.
One is the spatial wave method, in which the principle is to measure the distant distance between river systems by using the waves produced by the super-large black hole in the core of the river system to squeeze space, and the size, frequency, intensity, etc. of such waves can be measured. After measuring the mass of the core black hole in this river system, we can further infer the size of this river system.
Because the size of a river system is inextricably linked to the core black hole, the core black hole has a large mass and strong gravity, the more interstellar dust matter it attracts, the wider the range of gravitational influence, and the entire river system is more prosperous; otherwise The black hearts and black holes in a river system are small in mass, weak in gravity, and attract less interstellar dust, and the entire river system is even more barren and much smaller.
Another method is to measure the distant distance between river systems and the conditions of the river system according to the theory of cosmic space-time ocean currents. According to the theory of cosmic space-time oceans, the entire universe is accustomed to by numerous space-time ocean currents. There are small, connecting every river system in the universe.
The size and scope of the river system itself can be measured by the size of the space-time ocean current that connects this river system. According to the movement of the space-time ocean current, the current position of the river system can be measured!
These two methods are both developed by the astronomical scientists of the Imperial Universe. They are very accurate, can measure the distance of all river systems around the Milky Way in real time, and can estimate the prosperity of this river system.
Among the galaxy clusters centered on the three river systems of the Andromeda galaxy, the Milky Way galaxy, and the Sagittarius galaxy, the mass of the Andromeda galaxy is ranked first. Its core black hole has twice the mass of the Milky Way core black hole. The galaxy has a diameter of more than 220,000 light years, and the diameter of the Milky Way is only 120,000 light years!
As for the third-ranked Triangulum galaxy, its mass with the core black hole is only half that of the Milky Way, so the diameter of the triangle can be accurately calculated by scientists, and its diameter is only about 60,000 light-years!
Furthermore, in terms of prosperity, the most intuitive way to reflect the prosperity and barrenness of a river system is the number of stars this river system has. The number one star in the Andromeda galaxy has more than 1 trillion, which is a very scary and The huge number, the number of stars in the Milky Way galaxy, scientists of the Empire can give an accurate figure. The Milky Way has 500 billion stars, while the triangles in the Triangular galaxy are only about 80 billion, which is a very barren river system!
Only by grasping the real-time location of these river systems can the empire's space scientists use space transmission technology to transmit to the distant river systems very accurately. Otherwise, there will be errors in the space transmission itself, plus astronomical observation and measurement. There are errors in the distance. Even if you master the space transmission technology, it is not easy to reach other river systems.
This is like attacking with a long-range missile. The missile itself generates some errors. If you can't know exactly where you are and where the target is, then your missile wants to attack the target point very accurately, which is almost impossible. Possible thing!
The distance between the river systems is really too far away, at least for now. It is a long distance of several million light years. Light must fly for millions of light years, plus the motion of the river system itself. If you rely solely on the spectrum to calculate the distance between river systems and the precise position in real time, it is almost impossible to get a satisfactory result.
At least for empires that require space teleportation, such a result is unacceptable. It must obtain a precise location in real time, and it must have sufficient knowledge of the river system before it can expand.
What is the quality of this river system, how wide is it, how many stars are there, what is the structure of the river system itself, and the level of the local civilization of the entire river system, and so on, the empire can rest assured only if it is built on sufficient knowledge And boldly invade the entire river system!
The mass of the black hole at the core of a triangular galaxy that is 2.64 million light years away from the Milky Way is not large. Based on the mass of the core black hole of the Milky Way, the mass of the core black hole of the triangular galaxy is only 0.56, and the mass of the black heart and black hole of the Andromeda galaxy has reached 2.12!
Because the mass of the core black hole is relatively small, gravity and many other aspects cannot be compared with the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies, but the triangular galaxy is still considered to be a huge river galaxy. It is not a galaxy satellite satellite such as the Large Magellanic Cloud. Compared to.
According to their structure, river systems can be roughly divided into four categories: spiral galaxies, spiral galaxies, rod spiral galaxies, and irregular galaxies. Of course, different classification methods will categorize them differently. At present, Imperial scientists generally recognize these four major categories. classification.
The Milky Way galaxy, the base of the Empire, is a barred galaxy. The middle of the river is like a stick, hence its name; the Andromeda galaxy is a very typical spiral galaxy, with a huge discoid structure; and the triangular galaxy of the Empire ’s forthcoming expedition is Very typical spiral galaxy!