Vol 2 Chapter 206: 0Steelmaking and winding around

Kong Jing smiled and picked up a nail plate from a large basket on one side, and said, "Before creating the nail plate, you must first understand what is going on."
He said, turning his head to the side of the ball, said: "Mao team Zheng (Mao ball situation is similar to Liu Yu, also gave a team official's job), you come to Liu team Zheng to talk about the iron building. "
He said, facing a circle on the side, he looked at the other servants in Liu Yu and others with a deep voice, "Is it all tickling, don't go to work!" Said, he kicked Recently, he fell on the buttocks of a guy with ears desperately trying to listen, and the man fell out six or seven steps away. The people around had already tasted Kong Jing ’s methods. Dispersed, each back to his post.
The hair ball on one side said unhurriedly: "Speaking of this way of ironing, the words will be long. In ancient times, people used bone devices to cut wood for soldiers, and they were equipped with polished stones. The bone blades are made of bone or bone, thinking that the weapon, as well as the armor on the body, is the same as the leather armor you are looking at now. It is taken from the skin of thick-skinned beasts such as rhinos, zebras, and elephants, and soaked in oil. Sun-dried and then cut. "
"The armor made of the skin of an elephant rhinoceros can be used for a hundred years, while the armor made of the skin of a female rhinoceros can be worn for two hundred years, and the armor made of a mixture of male and female rhinoceros can be worn for three hundred years. This was passed down in the Spring and Autumn Period. Written in the armor book. "
Liu Yu said with a smile: "In the ancient times, the Central Plains was full of rhino elephants. Now that there are more people in the world and more farmland, there are fewer and fewer these beasts. How come there are so many rhinoceros armor?"
Feng Qian interjected and said: "Rhino skin armor is gone, but buffalo, crocodile skin, shark skin are still there. They can also be made into leather armor, and pigskin and sheepskin can also be armored, although these are not as protective as the ancient ones. Beast leather armor, but the general arrow protection is not a big problem, and it can also be equipped in large numbers. "
Mao Qiu continued:
With the advancement of leather armor technology in the last millennium, even the pig leather cowhide, the leather armor made is not inferior to the ancient rhinoceros cowhide. Of course, the leather armor is mainly used for arrow protection. There are also anti-bronze weapon stabs and stabs. After a large number of iron weapons appear, these leather armor will be difficult to achieve the effect of defense. "
Liu Yu sighed: "Yeah, iron weapons are abnormally sharp. Even iron armor sometimes can't stop the spears of the spear. It's no wonder that in addition to these leather armor, you need to add these armor pieces to increase the protection ability."
Mao Qiu laughed: "That's exactly the case, but it's not easy to make and build these nail pieces. Just now I mentioned that ancient times used bronze weapons and wore leather armor. In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, iron tools appeared, but At first, people only found that these irons can be used to make pig iron. After more times of smelting, they can also become wrought iron. "
"Pig iron can't be forged, can't be in the shape you want. The wrought iron is too soft and not hard enough. People don't know why this is all the year round, so the early iron is far better than the bronze technology that has been mature for thousands of years. At the end of the Warring States period, not much was used. Just like the Qin army, most of their weapons are mature bronze weapons, not many iron weapons. "
"It wasn't until the Han Dynasty that people gradually discovered that the reason why iron has pig iron wrought iron is that the ingredients inside are different, and the main point of this ingredient is charcoal powder!"
Liu Yu opened his eyes wide: "Charcoal powder? Is it charcoal?"
Mao Qiu smiled slightly: "It is precisely that people are using charcoal to burn iron when making iron. Occasionally some charcoal powder floats into the wrought iron. These inadvertently entered charcoal powder, but It is because the internal structure of wrought iron has been changed. No one expected that the burnt ember charcoal of these woods could actually become a key prop to make iron into steel and become extremely hard. "
"Not only that, after the wrought iron has carbon powder, it is very hard like pig iron after solidification, but because it is very soft, it can be forged like wrought iron in the red state. Hitting is to put this uncooled steel block on the iron plate and hit it repeatedly with a sledgehammer until it hits the desired shape. Once the shape is completed, it is quickly quenched into cold water It can be changed from hot steel in red to the shape at the time of final setting. There is a saying called hot ironing while hot, which is what this says. "
Liu Yu thoughtfully said, "So, in fact, it should be said that it is hot to strike steel, right?"
Mao Qiu laughed: "That's the case. It's hot steel. Since people know that infiltration of carbon powder can change the composition of steel and make wrought iron into steel, it began to be used consciously. In the post-Han period, people It even invented the method of frying steel. "
Liu Yuqi said: "Stewed steel method? What is this?"
Mao Qiu pointed at several melting furnaces on one side and said: "Look at ~ EbookFREE.me ~ This is the case with fried steel. Heat the furnace to make the furnace pure, and then the iron ore put in the furnace will Melting into molten iron is what we call iron juice. "
Feng Qian pointed out that the craftsmen who were constantly stirring various black powder into this large pot of iron juice while stirring, said: "Liu Liuzheng, please see, this iron juice is constantly adding these iron essences. Powder, and charcoal powder, and then stir it, just like cooking, turn the iron juice that can only be turned into pig iron, and then turn it into cooked iron, mixed with charcoal powder, so that you can get steel. "
Liu Yu suddenly realized: "It turns out so." He looked at a stove next to him, and more than a dozen men were pouring a large pot of this kind of iron juice in all directions, pouring black molten iron into another earthen clay pot. , Said, "Is the steel that has been fired like this to create a nail piece?"
Mao Qiu smiled and shook his head: "No, I only smelted the fried steel once. There are too many impurities in the steel, which is not enough. After pouring this pot of iron juice into the pottery, it will cool and solidify. Then pour it in again. Go back to the furnace and practice again, turn into iron juice again, add charcoal powder and iron fine powder, and so on, keep going to save the essence. Generally after five times of smelting in this way, it becomes steel, which can be cast into armor Film. If you make it dozens or hundreds of times, and the weight is no longer reduced, it is called hundred steel making, and you can cast a famous sword! "
Liu Yu's eyes lit up: "Hundred steel-making? As Liu Kun said in his famous poem, what does it mean to be steel-making? Does it mean a hundred-steel-making with circumvention?"
Kong Jing's voice sounded from one side: "Yes, this is the hundred steelmaking. Liu Yu, you know, 100 steelmaking is the best in steel. The famous swords of all generations were made with this. In the Han Dynasty, one A hundred steel-making knives is enough for a family of seven to earn three years of income. It is very expensive, and even a noble prince is difficult to equip. "
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