Chapter 27: February Revolution

It is not only Austria that has this problem. European countries including Prussia, France, Britain, Russia, etc. are all dominated by aristocratic officers.
This situation continued until after the World War, and after the baptism of the World War, noble officers suffered heavy losses, did not have sufficient reserve power to supplement, and finally lost their dominance in the army.
In contrast, Austria is fortunate. The dominant German aristocracy is because of their traditional relations. Most of them have good military literacy.
These noble officers are rare high-level intellectuals in this era. If someone is holding a whip to force them to work hard, there is no problem in serving as a grass-roots officer.
For the future of Austria, for the happiness of the European people, and for the development of all mankind, Franz felt the destiny of God. It should not be the will of God here.
Anyway, he has decided to take over the important task of transforming the next generation of Austrian nobles, and it is only just beginning.
...
The wheels of history are rolling in. After the outbreak of the January Revolution in Sicily, it quickly spread to northern Italy. In order to protect the security of Lombardy and Venice, the Vienna government also sent reinforcements to the local area, and the situation was temporarily stabilized.
Before the outbreak of the Revolution, the European working class was in hot water. Take France as an example:
The wage level of workers is very low. The daily wage of male workers is about 2 francs, and that of female workers is about 1 franc. Child labor for 13 to 16 years old is only 75 cents, and child labor for 8 to 12 years is only 45 cents.
The cheapest black bread at that time also exceeded 30 cents per kilogram, and the income of the working class could barely make a living.
(Data from 1840)
On the surface, it seems that the treatment of male workers is still reasonable, and the treatment of female and child workers is very low.
In fact, capitalists are not fools. They will squeeze profits to the maximum. These money are used for life. Male workers need to take more heavy physical labor.
Almost 15 to 6 hours of working time per day, if they do a lot of work, the physical energy will be consumed quickly, and the energy that needs to be added is of course indispensable.
This can be seen from the life expectancy. The heavy labor force makes the average life span of workers less than 40 years old, and even many heavy manual labor industries are less than 35 years old.
In 1846, due to the heat and drought, wheat and beans failed to harvest, and France's staple food was seriously threatened, causing food prices to skyrocket.
In 1845, the price of 100 liters of wheat was 17.15 francs, and by 1847 it had risen to 43 francs. In the Upper Rhine it soared to 49.5 francs, and in some areas it exceeded 50 francs.
Especially in northern and north-eastern France, cereal prices have generally risen by 100% to 150%, and the price of bread has doubled.
Everything goes up, that is, wages don't go up, and the working class's life is naturally difficult.
The house was leaking at night, and the British economic crisis of 1847 spread to France.
The increase in the price of grain has nothing to do with the dime of the farmers. They are only because of the reduction in grain output, a sharp decline in income, and a decline in French internal purchasing power.
In this context, Britain's cheap industrial products rushed in, and France's industry and commerce was immediately hit.
In 1847, the industrial output value of Paris was 1.463 billion francs, which fell to 6.77 francs by the beginning of 1848.
After the slashing, it was a 10% discount. Just looking at this number, we know that the French industry and commerce have been mourning. In a short period of time, thousands of French companies have closed down.
Behind the mad collapse of enterprises, naturally the birth of an unemployed army is inevitable, and French social contradictions are becoming increasingly acute.
Against this background, the July dynasty not only did not take any effective measures, but instead became corrupt and the scandals were endless.
After the Labor Protection Law enacted by the Austrian government reached Paris, it quickly caused a sensation within the working class.
The Parisian government, after knowing it, was too late to block the news. Of course, they did not have such an execution ability.
Large-scale workers' strikes began in Paris, spread rapidly to France, and spread to other parts of Europe.
At the same time as the workers' strike, an anti-hunger movement broke out in the peasant class. Beginning in July 1847, peasants who went bankrupt due to food insecurity and debt crisis set off a wave of food grabs.
They smashed the landlord's estate, seized grain stores, and killed grain speculators. This movement also spread to the cities, and hungry and unemployed unemployed workers also joined in. The history called "bread riot."
The continuous collapse of social order has also caused the bourgeoisie to be dissatisfied with the government.
In the economic crisis, everyone suffered heavy losses. They were just about to make a fortune on food and make up for the wounded soul.
It turned out that the French peasants were too fierce, and the fighting power of the working class was quite strong. They could n’t afford it, and they robbed it directly. Does this keep the capitalists alive?
At this time, the French bourgeoisie also split. Except for some vested interests, most of them were opponents of the July dynasty.
Including dynasty opposition and republican, which republics are divided into: national newspaper and reformists. Although the political views of the various factions are different, they have temporarily stood together to oppose the July dynasty.
The Gizo government is incomprehensible. The opposition has launched 70 banquets, large and small, nationwide, and many places have chanted revolutionary slogans, but they have not been suppressed.
The incompetence of the government allowed the revolutionaries to see their realities and to prepare for the armed uprising.
Demonstrations are a routine occurrence for the people of Paris. On February 22, 1848, because of dissatisfaction with the government's prohibition of the banquet movement, the people of Paris took to the streets to protest.
What exactly happened was not clear to Franz. In short, there seems to be a slight change in history. The people in Paris uprised that night, and the February Revolution broke out.
After the uprising broke out, the revolutionary rivalry expanded sharply, and students, workers, citizens, and capitalists participated. Of course, few capitalists took up arms to fight, and they all supported behind the scenes.
The Gizo government awakened by the revolution quickly dispatched its troops to suppress the revolution. Unfortunately, they underestimated the military and civilian conditions in France.
Even if there are no lack of revolutionary supporters in the army, most of the National Self-Defense Forces refused to carry out the government's revolution, and some of the army went straight.
Later, Franz can only rely on his brain to make up for it. More detailed information is no longer easy to obtain.
In short, on the afternoon of February 23, 1848, King Louis-Philippe of France, in order to ease the situation, dismissed the Gizo government and appointed the liberal Molet to form a cabinet in an attempt to calm the bourgeois anger.
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