Chapter 451: Legendary academician and "perpetual motion machine"

After Wei Xingsi blew a wave of awesomeness in front of Gong Yuanjiang, he started to discuss the application of key projects.
Xu Qiu made preparations in advance. He took out the U disk and inserted it into the big computer in the office, and showed Gong Yuanjiang, Cao Si and others about the current progress of the experiment through a projector.
In fact, the content reported in the previous group meeting, including the data of Y series receptors, laminated devices and so on, is re-telled again.
Don't worry too much about Gong Yuanjiang and the others secretly seizing Xu Qiu's academic achievements after hearing the report.
On the one hand, the two sides are now in the honeymoon period of cooperation. Wei Xingsi and Gong Yuanjiang are also friends who have known each other for many years.
On the other hand, although scientific research circles value academic achievements, they also pay more attention to reputation.
Especially for a "Yangtze River" scholar such as Gong Yuanjiang, if he wants to be one step closer to selecting academicians, he must have a high reputation in the industry.
If it is exposed to plagiarize the achievements of peers, the reputation will basically be bad.
Scholars are different from capitalists. The reputation of capitalists is almost indifferent when they make a fortune in the early stage. If they are rich in the later stage, they can launder themselves through public opinion guidance and charitable donations.
In essence, it is also because most of the people are mortals, and their thoughts are more easily manipulated.
Scholars don't have so many channels for whitewashing. In addition, those who can become professors in colleges and universities are basically human beings. It is very difficult to whitewash in such a circle.
However, having said that, it is still a bit difficult to judge an academician based on the achievements in the field of organic photovoltaics alone.
If Gong Yuanjiang, a "Yangtze River" scholar, had no outstanding performance, he would basically end up.
Because the academicians of the Academy of Sciences focus on research in basic sciences, and the academicians of the Academy of Engineering focus on research in applied sciences.
Organic photovoltaic is neither a basic science nor a field that can generate high application value in the short term. Compared with other fields, it does not have much competitiveness in the selection of academicians.
Moreover, the more important reason is that the number of academicians in the country is now saturated. Basically, one is "rising" and one is removed before one can be replaced from below.
This can be regarded as a bonus for the "front waves". They almost filled up the pits more than ten or two decades ago. The "back waves" basically had to wait in line to wait in line if they wanted to take the lead.
The current situation in China is that not only the bottom layer is rolling, but the top layer is also rolling.
The reason is actually very simple. When there is no ability to harvest the resources of other countries, and there is no major breakthrough and innovation, the whole country is playing a similar zero-sum game.
In this case, rolling up is an inevitable result. Everyone wants to get rid of other competitors, so that they can get more resources.
When it comes to the selection of academicians, although the country does not require the lower limit of age, there is only an upper limit of 6570 years old, but when the actual selection is made, the age of academicians under 40 years old when they are elected is basically rare.
Because many people who are eligible to be elected academicians are still queuing up, and they may also look forward to the early "rising" of the incumbents to make room for them.
Now a newcomer has suddenly appeared, wanting to jump in the line? That's naturally nowhere.
The key point is that scientific research is difficult to compare across fields.
Those who do graphene have published a few "Nature", their contributions must be higher than those who do basic physics research and put forward some theories, but can't publish any articles? Not necessarily.
At present, the youngest academician when the flower grower was elected was elected at the age of 38. This person’s resume is quite legendary:
0 years old, born in Huachi, Gansu Province in 1965;
16 years old, go to university;
20 years old, graduated from Jinling University of Technology in 1985;
25 years old, received a doctorate degree in engineering from the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1990;
30 years old, became a doctoral supervisor;
32 years old, as the director of the State Key Laboratory;
35 years old, served as the director of the Institute of Metal Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences;
38 years old, elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2003;
40 years old, prostitutes were arrested on the spot in Qinhuangdao Ocean International Resort [crossed out];
43 years old, elected as a member of the German Academy of Sciences;
52 years old, was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering of the beautiful country;
At the same time, this academician is also on a steady footing in his career.
At 53 years old, he is a deputy minister, and he is a legend of the generation.
However, this is an example from more than ten years ago.
Now, with the construction and development of the domestic scientific research circle, there are more and more scientific research talents, and the number of academicians is almost constant, which makes the selection of academicians more and more difficult.
As long as the rules for the selection of academicians remain unchanged, the record of
elected as an academician at the age of 38
will become increasingly difficult to break.
This may also be the reason why some high-end scientific research talents chose to leave the beautiful country-the domestic pits are too crowded, which largely restricts their development.
Of course, this approach has also preserved the golden content of academicians. The vast majority of academicians have real power, or have had real power in the past.
During Xu Qiu’s report, Gong Yuanjiang also raised several questions, including: "How to ensure that the different transmission layers and effective layers in the laminated device will not interact with each other?", "Why are the Y series receptors designed? The central government wants to design a DAD structure?" Wait, Xu Qiu answered one by one.
After the report, Wei Xingsi looked at Gong Yuanjiang: "Yuanjiang, how is our preliminary work done?"
"Awesome!" Gong Yuanjiang responded with a smile: "I was only 50% sure about the declaration of this key project, but now I am more than 80% sure."
"I'm relieved if you say that." Wei Xingsi also smiled: "Then let's officially start the project docking...Mo Wenlin, you go call Feifei Wu over."
Wu Feifei had just picked up Feng Shengdong from the airport and arranged to go to Yanyuan Hotel. When she returned to 216, she was called again before her was hot.
The personnel gathered and officially started the project docking.
The first is the financial budget. When it comes to the budget plan, the expenditure needs to be split into two parts, 200W and 100W.
This aspect is still more important. If the budget is not well done, it will affect the review results. Even if the project application is passed, it may cause the actual funds to be cut. For example, if you apply for 300W, the result is only 268W. of.
This part is mainly in charge of Wu Feifei and Cao Si. Both of them are equivalent to the chief steward of the research group, and they are responsible for helping the tutors manage the expenses of the research group.
Then on the research plan of the main text, Wei Xingsi is mainly responsible for "development of non-fullerene acceptor materials" and "fabrication of laminated devices", and Gong Yuanjiang is mainly responsible for "development of small molecule donor materials".
The two parties have had preliminary contacts before, and the general direction has been determined, and there will be no major problems.
Now the main thing is to read the text a few more times to find out if there are any typos, grammatical errors, repetitive words, and logical incompatibility.
Finally, in terms of preliminary work, Gong Yuanjiang is relatively simple. They directly put up several published articles on small molecule donor materials.
On Wei Xingsi's side, Xu Qiu put up the latest "Nature·Energy" article to support the scene.
Although this article is not highly relevant to the key projects they applied for, it is always possible to find it forcibly.
Y series receptors and IDIC-4F can also be said to be homologous, and both are derivatives based on ITIC.
In addition, Xu Qiu also posted the latest Y series, laminated device experimental data.
There is a certain risk in doing so, because when someone else reviews the book, the reviewer can see the content. If it is not officially published, then it may be followed.
However, Xu Qiu is not very fictitious. The data he put up is only the first-generation Y-series acceptor materials and the first-generation laminated devices.
Even if you are followed a few months later, you will surely make further progress in your research by that time, and others will just imitate yourself a few months ago.
In fact, Xu Qiu very much hopes to implement the results of either the Y series or the laminated device before the key project is declared.
It is best to come to a CNS, so that the success rate of key project applications can be mentioned further.
But thinking about it carefully, it is still a little bit difficult. The declaration of key projects will be in March next year, which is only more than three months away.
Even if a system is immediately established and the efficiency exceeds 15% or 16%, it will take a month or two to sort out experimental data, write articles, and wait for review and revision after submission. It is estimated that the official publication of the article will at least Half a year.
In applied science, whether it is the output of results or the publication of articles, the cycle is usually relatively long. It is common to post CNS for half a year, or even one or two years.
There is a Ph.D. in Mordu University. He started a project in Ph.D. 2, and made a breakthrough in Ph. 3, and after writing his article, he voted for Nature.
Because I had to wait for the publication of the "Nature" article on hand, it was finally postponed for one year.
As for basic science, if it is really a very important discovery, both the results and the publication cycle of articles will be relatively short.
For example, someone discovered a new elementary particle, or overturned a certain basic law of physics and chemistry before. It is estimated that CNS of this level of work will be rejected by every second.
The big guy closes in seconds, rushes to the street and refuses, probably like this.
Of course, it is really difficult to make such a major breakthrough.
Now the research of basic science in human society has entered a bottleneck period.
Similar to what people jokingly called "the actual application of fusion is always fifty years away," many basic problems are indeed delayed in the future of "50 years" and "50 years."
As for why it is "50 years", it is probably because the life of a scientific researcher is 50 years.
Setting a 50-year long-term goal is a bit like hanging a carrot in front of the donkey to prevent the donkey from losing the motivation to move forward.
Therefore, if some people claim to solve the problem of the century in basic science, there is a high probability that a major discovery is not true.
However, as the saying goes, "The master is in the folk".
Every year, the Chinese Academy of Sciences will visit a large number of civilian scientists, claiming that they have proved the "Goldbach Conjecture" or other mathematical problems.
Then I looked at the method they used, it was elementary algebra, and then I asked, the degree is a primary school graduation...
It's not that you look down on elementary algebra and elementary school degrees, but many scientific problems have thresholds.
"Goldbach's conjecture" is very simple in expression, that is, "any even number greater than 2 can be written as the sum of two prime numbers", but simplicity does not mean that there is no threshold.
In addition to the field of mathematics, the field of physics is also occupied by civilian scientists.
Among them, the most representative one is the perpetual motion machine. Every year, many people claim that they have manufactured perpetual motion machines, but without exception, all of them are fake.
Perhaps this is a manifestation of people's popular hope for "getting something for nothing."
However, there is a toy called "drinking bird" or "drinking duck" that can achieve "perpetual movement" under certain circumstances, which is quite interesting.
The head and body of the "drinking bird" are respectively two thin-walled glass (referred to as "upper ball" and "lower ball"), which are connected by a glass tube, filled with ether liquid, forming a closed container.
The bird's head is covered with a layer of absorbent cloth, and a glass of water is placed in front of the bird's body to ensure that it can "drink the water" when the bird's body falls.
In the initial state, the bird's body leans forward slightly, keeping balance under the action of gravity, and the bird's head does not touch the water cup in front.
At this time, because the boiling point of ether is about 34.5 degrees Celsius, it is easy to volatilize at room temperature, so the inside of the airtight container will be filled with the saturated vapor of ether.
When starting, drop a little water on the bird’s head. The water on the cloth absorbs a lot of heat as it evaporates, so that the saturated ether vapor in the upper ball is reduced in temperature and at the same time, resulting in the saturated air pressure in the lower ball being greater than the air pressure in the upper ball. The ether liquid in the lower ball is pushed up along the glass tube, so the center of gravity of the entire bird moves up, thus breaking the balance of the fulcrum.
The bird's body gradually leans forward with the rising ether liquid. When the bird's beak touches the liquid surface, the upper and lower are just connected through the glass tube. Part of the gas in the lower ball enters the upper ball, and the two parts of gas are mixed. When the upper and lower have the same pressure At time, the liquid that has lost the support of gas pressure will flow back to the ball under the action of its own gravity, and the center of gravity of the drinking bird will move down again, so it will gradually stand up and return to its original state.
As the bird's beak touches the water surface when "drinking water", the cloth that wraps the bird's head is wetted, so it will start again.
The overall performance is that you only need to start getting some water on the head of the "drinking bird", and the "drinking bird" will repeatedly raise and lower its head to make a "drinking" action.
It looks like a "drinking bird" is a bit like a second-type perpetual motion machine that uses heat in the environment, but in fact it is only a heat engine that obeys the laws of thermodynamics and is realized through a single-component phase change.
The reason why it can keep nodding its head to drink water is because it uses some complicated physics principles.
And there is not much practical value, because the conversion efficiency of this heat engine is too low, so it can only be used as a toy or for popular science.
The "drinking bird" has existed for a long time. As early as 1936, the "Fun Physics Sequel" written by Bereliman of the Maozi Union mentioned this toy. Later, in 1946, the two beautiful national Bell Laboratories A scientist applied for a patent in a beautiful country.
Because the preliminary preparations were relatively sufficient, the docking of key projects went smoothly, and the preliminary version was quickly obtained.
After the end, Mo Wenlin went back with Gong Yuanjiang and Cao Si, saying that she wanted to report on her recent work. After all, Gong Yuanjiang was also her nominal mentor.
Exchange students like Mo Wenlin will also have two mentors when they do graduation projects.
Not long after Gong Yuanjiang and his party left, Feng Shengdong came over.
Xu Qiu also saw Feng Shengdong's deity. They used to communicate via voice calls before, and they are now regarded as official face bases.
Feng Shengdong's appearance is slightly different from Xu Qiu's imagination. It looks like an honest person and more refined. Feng Shengdong's Chinese is still relatively slippery. It may be because of his relatively short time abroad.
Generally, after staying abroad for a long time, there will be a period of adaptation when speaking Chinese when returning home, and often subconsciously mixed Chinese and English, just like Wei Xingsi before.
Wei Xingsi and Feng Shengdong said hello, and subconsciously reached out to the article "Nature·Energy" printed on the desk.
Then, Wei Xingsi suddenly thought that Feng Shengdong was also on the list of authors, so he withdrew his hand again.
Xu Qiu saw Teacher Wei's actions in his eyes, and almost laughed on the spot, but fortunately, he held back.
Because there is usually a lot of communication, there are not too many topics to talk about. After a few casual chats, Feng Shengdong retires.
Wei Xingsi didn't hold back either: "Okay, then you go back to rest first, and remember to come out for dinner together at six o'clock in the evening."
Feng Shengdong is a native of the Magic City and graduated from the Magic City University before, so he is quite familiar with him and doesn't need to entertain him.
Moreover, both parties have published so many articles in cooperation, and they are not considered as outsiders.
After the visits of other teachers, Xu Qiu did not participate, after all, they were not very familiar.
Xu Qiu returned to 216 and continued to prepare for the report of the conference. He could hear the sound of opening and closing the door in room 218 next door through the wall, the faint chattering, and Wei Xingsi's hearty laughter.
He was a little curious about whether the newly printed "Nature·Energy" article by Teacher Wei was actually useful?
High probability is to use it.
At six o'clock in the evening, Wei Xingsi led a large group of people to the restaurant on the third floor of the headquarters. He had booked a private room with three large tables in advance.
In addition to Ma Weiwei, Gong Yuanjiang, Feng Shengdong and other teachers who came in advance, Wei Xingsi also invited Fang Guangwu, deputy dean of the Department of Materials, Zhou Mathematics, director of the Teaching and Research Section of Talents, Sun Zheng from the Department of Chemistry, and Tang Yunkun from the Department of Physics.
In addition, the dinner time this time was very close to New Year's Day, so it was also regarded as the year-end dinner of the research group, and the members of the research group were all present.
There are more than 10 teachers and 15 students in total.
The teachers sit at one table and the students sit at the same table.
Xu Qiu originally wanted to go to the student table and sit with Han Jiaying, but Wei Xingsi was held back by him: "Xu Qiu, you sit at a table with us."
"...Okay." Xu Qiu probably knew that Teacher Wei was creating momentum and paving the way for him, passing on his personal network resources to him, so he did not refuse, he spread his hand to the school girl and made a "Me too" Very helpless" action.
Han Jiaying smiled at Xu Qiu and seemed to say: "I'm fine, you go, don't worry about me..."
Although Xu Qiu was at the teacher's table, he was still relatively junior, so he sat on Wei Xingsi's counterpoint.
The meals were ordered in advance, and the restaurant provided side dishes according to the standard. There were more than a dozen dishes, all of Jiangsu and Zhejiang cuisines. Xu Qiu saw the familiar large pot of fish head soup.
The process of eating is similar to that of the year-end dinner last year.
It's just that this time the scale is bigger and more teachers are visiting. Xu Qiu has also been drinking Moutai, and life is getting better and better.
As the only student who mixed into the teacher group, Xu Qiu naturally became one of the focuses of people's attention at the dinner table.
Some teachers who were not very familiar with Xu Qiu before, now have a much deeper impression of him.
After all, in the domestic academic circle, if people publish an article, although people will pay attention to the first author, they will pay more attention to the corresponding author.
When people refer to an academic achievement, they usually do not say "the work of the first author" but "the work of the corresponding author group."
Therefore, in the past year, the group has published many big articles one after another, and Wei Xingsi's reputation has been blown out. This is the inherent influence of the article.
Many of Xu Qiu's accumulated fame, or influence, were promoted by Wei Xingsi.
For example, when Wei Xingsi posted a big article in the group and went out to brag, he always mentioned: "This is Xu Qiu's work in our group."
At the student stage, the accumulation of influence will indeed be a bit slow.
However, for Xu Qiu, these are not problems. If a few CNS articles can be published in the future, the influence will be MAX instantly.
But Wei Xingsi didn't know that Xu Qiu was able to open the hanger. He just considered it from the perspective of normality, and tried his best to strive for the greatest benefit for Xu Qiu without harming his own interests.
After the dinner in the evening, the teachers who lived in the magic city basically all went home, and Wei Xingsi took the other teachers out to exercise their muscles and bones.
At the same time, the research team also had a half-day holiday. Xu Qiu and Wu Feifei took a group of students out to play board games~EbookFREE.me~On Monday, Wei Xingsi had to entertain other teachers, so he informed everyone that the group meeting would not be held today. .
Xu Qiu did not go to Wei Xingsi to join in the fun. He stayed in Caiyi 216 and continued to prepare for the conference speech.
It is impossible to say that it is not nervous. This is the first time that Xu Qiu has participated in such a high-standard meeting as a reporter, and it is still an unwritten speech. If it gets stuck at the scene, it will be embarrassing.
Others in the research group are also preparing for the convening of the conference, including ordering boxed fruits, helping Wei Xingsi prepare a draft for the screen, receiving disposable cups, preparing bottled drinking water and other miscellaneous things.
In addition, teachers like Gong Yuanjiang who have been here once did not appear again today. For example, Gong Yuanjiang took Cao Si to the Magic City Jiaotong University to visit friends there.
Researchers are generally busy. Scholars like this kind of "Yangtze River"-level scholars usually visit several research groups at the same time on a long trip. They can be called masters of time management.
High-speed text hand typing I have a list of chapters of the scientific research assistance system