Chapter 8: Ready to learn

　　 The next day, Xu Qiu activated the auxiliary system and continued to study the literature.
　　 The fifth step is to read the introduction of the literature.
　　 Researchers publish an Article or an article about the work they have done, essentially telling a story.
　　The introduction part is to tell the reader why we have to tell such a story, or the necessity for us to do such a job.
The story of 　　 can look like this:
　　甲: I discovered a new creature with white fur in the wild. I named it the X beast. I caught, slaughtered, and stewed the X beast. I found that the X beast meat is delicious and delicious.
　　 can also be like this:
　　 B: Based on A's discovery, I also went to the wild to catch beast X. I also caught, slaughtered and stewed beast X. I found that beast X was delicious and delicious. But if sprinkled with pepper, chili powder, salt and pepper and other condiments, it will be more delicious.
　　 C: Based on A's discovery, I found an X beast with black hair in the wild. I caught, slaughtered, and stewed the black X beast. I found that the black X beast was meaty and unpalatable. In addition, I made a control group of pork and black pork, and found that black pork tastes better. In the end, it is concluded that there is no obvious correlation between the meat quality and the hair color.
　　 Ding: Based on A, B, C, I find that X-beasts are better when roasted.
　　 E: Based on A, B, and C, I found that X beast and black X beast meat are mixed at a quality ratio of 95:5, and stewed and eaten better than pure X beast meat.
　　 Their actual work may look like this:
　　 A: I synthesized a new material with the molecular formula C-60. I named it fullerene. Through a series of characterization methods, I found that C-60 has many excellent physical and chemical properties.
　　 B: Based on A's discovery, I successfully synthesized C-60. Through a series of characterization methods, the data obtained was similar to A. Then the surface of C-60 was modified to obtain better physical and chemical properties.
　　 C: Based on the discovery of A, I successfully synthesized C-70. Through a series of characterization methods, I found that the physical and chemical properties of C-70 are not as good as C-60.
　　……
　　Among them, A is usually an industry leader. In the big field of "wild", he created the small field of "X beast". Such work is generally published in first-class journals;
　　 B and C follow in the footsteps of the big brothers. Although they are not innovative enough, they can be published in second-rate journals as long as they move fast enough to produce results quickly;
　　 As for Ding and Wu, because the start is too slow, they can only irrigate in third-rate journals;
　　 Followers in the future, if they don't have a point of view or conclusions that make people eye-catching, they can only irrigate in SCI area three and four area.
　　So, for people after A, does the work they do make sense?
　　 Naturally, there is a limit to individual energy. It is unrealistic to rely on one person or a team to thoroughly research the entire field.
　　 Moreover, even if someone studies something like "Human and X-beast genes are as similar as 82%", this seemingly nonsensical project is meaningful.
　　 Because scientific research is essentially human investment in the future, it is a wealth left to future generations.
　　 In fact, most, more than 99% of scientific research results have no practical application value within a few decades after publication.
　　 But there will always be 1% of the results. One day, a researcher may get inspiration from it after being seen by him, and he will find the missing corner of his scientific research puzzle, and then push a certain field forward.
　　……
　　 For a Review, the introduction part is similar.
　　 is usually used to tell readers why we should study this field, the development process of this field, and the problems that need to be solved in this field.
　　 Compared with the abstract and conclusion, the introduction part is longer. Obviously, it is impossible to read all the introduction parts of the three documents quickly.
　　 Xu Qiu thought a little bit, and chose to read the article published in "Chemical Review" first. After all, this one has the highest impact factor.
　　 The first paragraph mainly introduces "why research in the field of organic photovoltaics".
　　 With the help of You Pi and Gu Gou, Xu Qiu translated and summarized it, and then recorded it in his scientific research notebook:
　　"Solar energy is a clean, environmentally friendly, and pollution-free renewable energy source.
　　 Traditional non-metal solar cells based on silicon, CIGS, etc., although they have high photoelectric conversion efficiency (over 15%) and have been commercialized, they are costly and produce environmentally polluting waste during preparation.
　　In recent years, organic photovoltaic materials have attracted the attention of researchers because of their low price, light weight, and the ability to prepare flexible parts.
　　The photoelectric conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic devices is still low, currently the highest is 10%. "
　　 Then, I added my own thoughts later:
　　"For solar cells, the core indicator is photoelectric conversion efficiency, which determines how much sunlight energy it can convert into electrical energy.
　　 The conversion efficiency of inorganic batteries above 15% is a commercial level, that is, under the conditions of mass industrial production, while 10% of organic batteries stay in the laboratory stage. If it is industrialized, it is still unknown whether it can reach 5%. "
　　 The second paragraph mainly introduces the "development history of organic photovoltaics", Xu Qiu summarizes the record:
　　" In 1986, Tang et al. published an article on organic photovoltaic devices for the first time. The photoelectric conversion efficiency was only 1%.
Six years later, the research group of Heeger and Wudl used conjugated polymers MEH-PPV and C-60 as the double-layer effective layer, and found that the cause of current generation is that MEH-PPV transfers electrons to C-60 after absorbing sunlight , So these two materials are named electron donor and electron acceptor;
　　Subsequently, the researchers found that by mixing the electron donor and the electron acceptor to prepare bulk heterojunction organic solar cell devices, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is higher;
　　Until now, bulk heterojunction is still the most widely used effective layer structure in the field of organic solar cells. "
　　 Then he used a highlighter to mark out the unfamiliar terms such as "conjugated polymer, electron donor, electron acceptor, bulk heterojunction, effective layer" and so on.
The last paragraph of 　　 introduces the writing order of this review.
　　 Xu Qiu looked at it and felt that there was nothing dry, so there was no summary, only two technical terms, "shape" and "charge mobility" were noted.
　　【Literature reading proficiency +10%】
　　 Looking at the full page of the record book, Xu Qiu was very satisfied.
　　 But then, he saw the more than 60 pages of text again, and the joy he had just harvested was instantly diluted a lot.
　　 "My scientific research road is a long way to go." Xu Qiu said with emotion.
　　 The sixth step. View the text.
　　……
　　 Xu Qiu waited for a long time, and found that there were no additional prompts, and no examples like the previous steps, only four words "view text".
　　 After thinking for a while, he thinks it should be the third-level literature reading he deduced, and his proficiency is too low.
　　 Why don't you find a school sister in the afternoon to learn something?