Chapter 314: Springs and bearings

有了 Since having a husband and wife with Marin, Angela began to look forward to becoming pregnant and giving birth to the heir of the kingdom. Then, a little nervous, she started telling the tailor to make some spare baby clothes.
Also, I used to travel by car and became cautious. In Angela's words, the carriage was too bumpy, and the sound of friction between the wheel and the axle was very harsh.
Marlin did not know how to persuade Angela, he felt that Angela was overreacting. But what made Marin speechless is that since Archbishop Rovere's lover Luke Rezia and her young daughter Felice came to East Friesland, Angela pulled her mother and sister again, and liked to take them to visit everywhere .
In fact, apart from taking care of the family and having fun with them, Angela also has some careful thoughts to show off. You know, Ferris has been a strong and victorious child since she was young, and she was always dissatisfied with Angela. Because the older sister died early, the two sisters often quarreled. Now, finding an opportunity to show off her identity as Countess, Angela naturally will not let go.
As a result, Angela often took her mother and sister to "inspect" all over the place, accepting the admiration and cheers of the subjects, and by the way stimulated by her younger sister Felice ...
Ferris was indeed irritated, although, in East Frisian, it was much better than the landlord's house in the countryside of Genoa, and the mother no longer needed to be an old mother. However, Felice was inferior. Without him, it was because Felice had married a fool under the witness of God. The fool is not dead, and Felice is the fool's wife. And her second sister, Angela, who was not convinced since she was a child, was also fleeing. Even the fugitive could find an earl as her husband, which really annoyed her ...
However, for the excellent life given by her sister, Felice is very enamored. You know, in the Genoese countryside, she is just a maid like a fool's husband. The native rich man chose her as a daughter-in-law because his son was a fool and no one was willing to marry, so he chose to flee. In fact, the rich man obviously regarded Ferris as a maid who took care of his son for his entire life ...
I want to know, the fool husband in the name of Felice, IQ only looks like a three-year-old child, only know that if you want to eat and drink, even if you go to the toilet, you have to wait for Felice ...
Furthermore, as the rich man in the countryside, mother and daughter Ferris didn't eat well there either. She drank black bread every day and occasionally ate some meat. Unlike in my sister's palace, I eat very delicious delicacies from the East every day, and I can wear all kinds of beautiful clothes. Felice was so jealous that she was mad. She wished to replace her sister and become her brother-in-law's wife.
However, because of the hard life of the past two years, Felice has become a little blackened, and she has no Angela beauty. So, Marin looked after her and the chances of not getting Angela were really small ...
So, Felice followed her mother and sister in depression, and in the sister's show, accompanied the tour of East Friesland ...
However, Angela was very dissatisfied with the bumpy carriage. So, in the name of protecting the child who may be pregnant, she urged her wise husband, Marin, to hurriedly invent a carriage with no bumps and no rubbing friction on the axle ... Impossible ...
Marlin had no choice but to start to enter the memory mode, imagine how to make the carriage not bumpy ...
In fact, it is also simple to say, without bumps, is to install a large spring on the support frame between the axle and the compartment. And there is no harsh friction, just install anti-friction bearings between the axles and wheels ...
But it's easy to say, it's not easy to do ...
First of all, the manufacture of springs requires special spring steel. In addition, the process of manufacturing the spring is also cumbersome. The shape of the rolled spring is not troublesome, as long as a hot iron wire is wound around the post, it is easier to form. However, later annealing and other processes are more troublesome.
Marin was not a mechanical learner in his previous life. Where do I know the specific process? He knows how to know the principles. Therefore, how to ensure the spring force of the spring and restore the original shape after being stretched is also a bit troublesome.
In fact, the simplest coil spring has been modeled by some watchmakers. However, they are made of ordinary iron wire, which is of little practical value. Because the spring made of ordinary iron wire is difficult to restore the original shape after deformation.
Only springs made of spring steel can be guaranteed not to deform easily after special treatment. Therefore, before engaging in the spring, Marin must first get the legendary spring steel ...
Marin doesn't know the formula of other spring steels, he only knows 65 carbon steel. Among them, this steel contains manganese. Fortunately, Marin's men bought soft manganese ore in Hungary, which is enough for Marin to conduct research.
Alas, as Marin, where would he study in person? So Marin pushed things to Da Vinci and a group of Italian watchmakers ...
These technologists seem to be very interested in springs, and they accepted them happily ...
When they come up with the right spring steel, Marin will arrange a craftsman, use a thin iron rod, burn red to bend around the pillar into a large coil spring, and then annealed to become a spring for the carriage.
After handing over the development of the spring to Da Vinci, Marin himself went to the blacksmith to process the ball bearings ...
Bearings are much better than springs, of course, provided Marin is the simplest ball bearing caged ball. In the previous life, Marin had been riding a bicycle since he was a child. The bicycle was repaired hundreds or thousands of times. Therefore, Marin is very familiar with caged bicycle bearings.
The simplest cage ball is the space between two steel rings (inner ring and outer ring), which is divided into 12 (or other number) blocks, and each block has a steel ball of the same size. Then, put another layer of steel shell (retainer) on the outside. The double-layer steel ring containing steel does not directly contact the cage, but is contacted by the protruding steel balls. These steel are oiled, and the friction between them and the cage is very small. However, after a while, the casing must be disassembled and some oil added. Because, lack of engine oil ~ EbookFREE.me ~ steel are easy to wear. Worn, you need to change the steel ball ...
Of course, modern steel are alloy steel, which is very wear-resistant. However, in this era, Marin certainly does not have a very wear-resistant alloy steel. So Marin used cast iron directly to make ball bearings.
Whether it is the inner or outer ring, or the rolling elements and cages, it is cast iron. Moreover, modern bearings are manufactured by machines, so small bearings can also be easily manufactured. Marin obviously has no machine, and can only use the foundry method. Therefore, he can only make larger bearings. As a result, the carriage bearings were made slightly larger. The steel smaller than the soybeans on the bicycle were cast by Marin to cast the cast iron beads of the size of a glass ball ...
As a result, because the iron beads are too large, there are no more than 12 "cage balls", only 6 ...
Then, when choosing the lubricating oil, Marin directly and luxuriously chose the thicker butter ...
However, the test results show that although the most primitive "cage ball" bearings, although rough and ugly, the effect is very good. At least, after installing Angela's carriage, there was no more "creaking" axle friction.
However, the spring steel developed by Da Vinci and others has been delayed. Therefore, the time to reduce the flexibility of the carriage is naturally postponed ...
As for the use of inferior springs made of iron first, Marin does not consider it. Because after the spring comes out, just support the carriage directly. If the material is too inferior, the spring will easily break. If this is the case, it is easy to cause the car to roll over and cause an accident. Marin didn't dare to let Angela take the risk, if it broke, it would be bad. Therefore, he would rather wait for Da Vinci to get qualified spring steel instead of making car springs with ordinary materials ...