Chapter 165: Poland

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The next day, after intent to cooperate with the Soviet Union, Merkel gave the rest of his work to the diplomats. In order to maintain confidentiality, he himself boarded the return flight that day.
In 1937, German Foreign Minister Merkel had just hurried back to Germany and was impatiently summoning the Polish ambassador to Germany. This summoning made the Polish man, Lipsky, feel like a pin. The Germans summoned the Czechoslovak ambassador. As a result, Czechoslovakia was annexed; the Germans summoned the Austrian ambassador, and the same thing happened to the Austrians; not long ago, the Germans just summoned the Hungarian ambassador, and now Hungary is already One of the Germans was saved—although Britain and France have yet to acknowledge this fact.
But the Poles also have confidence that the Germans have no reason to be afraid. The relationship with Germany has never been so good. The ten-year non-aggression treaty signed between the two countries in 1929 has more than a year to expire, and as one of the contents of a recently signed trade agreement, Poland still enjoys most-favored-nation treatment. s country. So Lipsky still accepted Merkel's call.
However, the Poles themselves did not know that they took advantage of the Czechoslovakia problem and stole a region called Teqing. This incident annoyed Britain and France so much that their determination to support Poland was shaken.
However, the Poles still believe that all the trump cards are in their own hands, because although Britain and France have shaken their determination to protect Poland, they still declare their fundamental position in support of Poland. The new government in London issued a statement: "Once any act clearly threatens Poland's independence, and when the Polish government believes that life and death are crucial to the resistance of the country, Britain and France will assist Poland to maintain Poland's unity and independence."
But the British statement clearly angered the Soviets. Stalin responded to the British government ’s statement that afternoon: "Distant Western Europe, a country that was once glorious but now extremely fragile, wants to interfere with people ’s desire for in the world. What a ridiculous thing. "
At this time, the German Head of State Akado ’s statement was very interesting. He did not mention any questions about Poland, but everyone knows what he wants to do: "No one can threaten the great German people. The National Defense Army has already done Everything is well prepared. If someone wants to use violence to compete with Germany, the German people will accept this challenge. "
The next day, in order to allow Germany to seriously consider the Polish issue, the French government also stood up and expressed its attitude. The French visited Poland and assured the Polish clearly that once the war between Germany and Poland broke out, France would immediately respond to Germany. Carrying out air strikes, a contained ground attack was carried out three days later, and within 15 days of the outbreak of the war, a full-scale war was launched into the German mainland.
At the same time, the British also promised Polish allies that the Royal Air Force will attack Germany and bombard important targets in Germany. British ground forces will implement a plan to assist Poland from the Black Sea.
With the assurances of the two countries, Poland reviewed its combat troops again. Polish generals are very optimistic that they can defeat Germany and the Soviet Union because they defeated the invading Soviet army in 1920. Their brave and well-trained infantry will hold back the enemy troops and use the large number of permanent fortifications on the border to make the enemy troops suffer until the powerful Polish cavalry intersects the enemy and cut off the opponent's supply line and command system-all Both are reprints of the Soviet-Polish War in 1920.
In order to achieve this goal, Poland mobilized all wars from top to bottom, the army has exceeded 1.95 million, and the reserve team has reached a full 700,000. Germany ’s military strength is more complicated. After one year of expansion and training, Germany has 1.44 million first-line troops. This value does not include the 70,000 troops of the 4 divisions of the SS, and 690,000 troops that cannot be used for attack. .
In fact, Poland, which is fighting on two lines, does not seem to have an advantage. However, in the German battle plan, the total strength of the attack on Poland was limited to 900,000, and the remaining troops were deployed on the country and the German-French border. .
In this way, the comparison of the strength of the Polish Western Front is 1.2 million Polish troops and their 400,000 reserve team, against 900,000 German troops and their 190,000 reserve troops. Poland has a military advantage of nearly 500,000.
Behind the huge advantages of personnel, there are surprising defects. The Polish army did not pay much attention to the role of the staff. As a result, none of the 20 army commanders had been trained in modern warfare. In terms of communications, the Polish army relies on a small number of civilian telephone and telegraph networks, which are very old and backward.
In terms of equipment, the Polish armored soldiers with 800 tanks seem powerful, but they are all old French models and Polish-made cottage tanks that imitate British tanks. And these tanks have not yet formed a tank cluster, but scattered in the infantry troops.
Polish field artillery equipment is considered to be the most sophisticated, with a replica of a French 77mm caliber cannon with excellent performance, but other heavy artillery is unfortunately outdated. The modern 105mm and 155mm caliber howitzers are transported very slowly, making it difficult to keep up with the troops' pace. Even more tragic is that none of these artillery regiments has a complete transportation system.
For 30 years, the Polish Air Force had the world's most powerful fighter jets, which used to make the Germans sleepless. But they are now completely outdated. The maximum speed of these pzl-p11 fighters is only a pitiful 400 kilometers per hour, which is only more than half of the German fw-190d fighters. So the 1000 fighters of the Polish Air Force are really not opponents of the German Air Force.
In terms of quantity, the Polish Air Force also seems to have fallen behind: the Luftwaffe has 813 fw-190d and 411 me-109a fighters; 702 Stuck dive bombers and more than 500 d-217 The bomber, two thirds of the Luftwaffe ’s 2,400 aircraft, will be transferred to the Eastern Front to participate in this Polish campaign.
The defense plan of the Polish army is not so perfect. The generals hope to block every direction of attack of the German and Soviet troops, and use their troops to block every possible offensive route. They prepared a large number of cavalrymen, ready to counterattack when the German army retreated under pressure from the British and French forces.
So the Poles dispersed the forces of the 7 Army Groups on the border with Depo and the other 5 Army Groups were deployed on the border with Supo. This defense plan did not leave any impression on French Chief of Staff General Morris Gamlin. Trying to persuade Poland to give up part of the area to strengthen the defense of its own important areas, but this effort ultimately failed because of the Polish stubbornness.
The Poles did not want to vacate the densely populated western agricultural areas and industrial cities within hours of the war, and they feared that this would wipe out their will to resist. Britain also prefers Poland's unwillingness to fight.
On the night of July 18, 1937, the "Soviet-German Non-aggression Treaty" was formally signed, and the Soviet Union finally made concessions. According to the Germans' opinion: within one month after the Soviet Union's attack on Poland, Germany will not attack Poland. With this guarantee, the Soviet Union decided to take the lead in launching a war to recover its defeat in 1920. The two countries strictly kept the contents of the treaty confidential and agreed not to recognize the existence of the treaty before 1938.
On July 20, 1937, with the guarantee of the "Soviet-German Non-aggression Treaty", after 10 months of preparations, the Soviet Red Army began a full-scale attack on the eastern border of Poland. This move caught Britain and France by surprise, originally worried about Germany The risk-taking mentality was instantly replaced by the fear of the Soviet Red Army entering the hinterland of Europe.
However, it was surprising that the first comprehensive attack was easily repulsed by the Polish. The Soviet Red Army was stubbornly resisted by the defending army when it advanced 7 kilometers into Poland. The heroic Polish army even carried out a partial counterattack.40 The Soviet Red Army of the First Echelon lost their helmets and armor and suffered heavy losses.
The Soviet army has never suffered such a huge loss. About 40,000 people were killed, more than 70,000 were injured, most of the weapons were lost, half of the 200 tanks involved in the attack were destroyed, and most of the seemingly powerful new tanks, the KV-1 type. Forced to discard because of mechanical failure.
The Soviet Air Force, which lacked combat experience, launched a battle for air supremacy with the Polish Air Force at low altitudes. Within three days, the two sides had seven large-scale air battles involving dozens of aircraft. The Polish Air Force suffered heavy losses due to old aircraft, and the Soviet Air Force did not take much advantage, and the battle loss ratio between the two sides remained at a one-to-one level.
Then Stalin angered the Soviet Red Army's reserve team, and 700,000 troops entered the territory of Poland. The war was fully upgraded. With the support of the United Kingdom and France, the Polish defenders played the rhythm of the 1920 Soviet-Polish war. Interspersed, broke the second attack of the Soviet Red Army in one breath.
Just as Poland was full of self-confidence and the Soviet Red Army was in despair, something happened that annoyed Britain and France. German Head of State Akado Rudolph delivered a public speech on the radio, hoping that Poland would abandon the Danzig Corridor area and allow Germany to complete the overall reunification in form.
"Germany should not let others do whatever they want in their own territory! Although we have experienced shame, we will not let shame accompany us forever! Everyone in the German people has the sacred duty to maintain the territorial integrity of the motherland! Danze Corridor is a German territory A sacred and inseparable part. "Akado said fervently in his radio speech.
Responding to him was the neat shouting of 300,000 citizens who took to the streets in Berlin: "Long live the Great Germany! Long live the great head of state Akado? Rudolph!"
The next day, it may be because of the exceptionally smooth fighting of the Eastern Front, it may also be affected by the upcoming large-scale aid from Britain and France, or it may be blind confidence in Britain and France ’s commitment to protect Poland. The Polish government rejected the German head of state. Unreasonable request, claiming that the Danzig Corridor does not need to be negotiated.