Vol 5 Chapter 164: ,Currency war

A genius remembers this site address in one second: (Vertex Chinese), the fastest update! No ads! After the First World War, the French government was forced to adopt a paper currency inflation policy in response to the financial crisis. The French announced that they would abandon the gold standard and open up The prelude to the currency war.
The French were the first to play this way, and everyone was unprepared. At that time, the franc was the second most circulating international currency in the world. A large number of franc holders paid for them and suffered heavy losses.
However, the original plan of the French government did not succeed. In an ideal state, it would issue at most double the currency and depreciate the franc by half.
In the end, because of the failure of the governments of various countries, the market lost confidence in the franc and continued to plummet, and finally depreciated ten times before stabilizing the value of the currency.
However, the amount of over-issued francs is far less than ten times. The losses include loss of credit, inflation caused by the government, and profits from the government's printing of currency, and more of it falls into the hands of capitalists.
In this currency war, the pound's financial hegemony was once again established, and Lev also came up to replace the franc and became the world's second largest currency in circulation.
Although this action by the French was not a complete success, they did get rid of the financial crisis, and saved the government from bankruptcy.
Even in the subsequent economic activities, with the sharp depreciation of the franc, the price competitiveness of French goods has also been greatly enhanced, and it still has an effect.
However, the sequelae are quite serious, and the wealth of the French folk has been robbed, including small capitalists and the middle class, who have suffered heavy losses.
This is also a characteristic of European countries in this era. Ordinary people don't care much about inflation, because they don't have any excess money in their hands, and naturally they can't talk about much loss.
With the collapse of the petty bourgeoisie and middle class, the wealth of French society has become more concentrated, and small factories engaged in processing and manufacturing have gone bankrupt.
It can be said that even without the guidance of Ferdinand, France will embark on the road to industrialization, just look at the development of French industry in history.
Ten years after the World War, the total volume of French industry returned to the pre-war level. You must know that during the First World War, the area of ​​France also expanded, and the population increased by several million.
In fact, when World War II broke out, the proportion of French industry was actually not as good as World War I, and it is not surprising that the French government would surrender immediately.
Now it is the turn of the British. Affected by the economic crisis, the London government has also announced the abandonment of the gold standard. The big capitalists all over the world are eager to grab a piece of meat from it.
However, the British pound is not the same as the franc. The pound is the world currency. This is the foundation laid by the British with the Royal Navy. It is not easy to break the pound.
"Since the London government abandoned the gold standard, how much has the value of the British pound fallen?" Ferdinand asked concerned.
"Your Majesty, in the past two months, the value of the pound has depreciated by 8.5 percent. We have not done our best yet, and the major consortia are only tentatively blocking.
If there is no interference from other factors, the pound may eventually depreciate between 30% and 35%! "Chancellor Kennedy replied
Ferdinand frowned. The foundation of the British Empire is really strong. People in the market have not lost their confidence in the pound. Even if Bulgaria takes the plunge, there is no way to beat them to the bottom like the franc!
"What if there is external intervention?" Ferdinand continued to ask
"Your Majesty, it depends on the specific situation. The most serious result may turn the pound into waste paper, and the most relaxed may have no effect.
As long as the Royal Navy is wiped out, or the main force is greatly damaged, it can be done.
Other circumstances, including the British government being hit hard, or war with major powers, intensified domestic crisis, and a series of factors may devalue the pound! "Kennedy said humorously
Ferdinand nodded. The influence of the British is not covered. After the devaluation of the pound sterling, more than a dozen countries in the world have given up the gold standard.
These countries abandon the gold standard at this time, undoubtedly they are sharing the firepower for the British. What the international consortium wants is to take advantage of the opportunity.
It doesn't matter which country you bite off a piece of meat from, there is no need to fight the British to the end.
Except for Bulgarian capital, which is fighting against the pound sterling out of political needs, the rest of the international consortia are all betting diversified, wherever they can make money, they will go there.
"Frontal offense is not enough, so we can only come in the dark, prepare to issue counterfeit money!" Ferdinand sighed and said
This is the last choice. After years of hard work by the Bulgarian technical department, now they can also produce pounds.
Of course this is a fake pound sterling, but it can be distorted from the real. Under normal circumstances, everyone can't recognize it.
Ferdinand didn't want to adopt this approach, and the sequelae were too great. Once the start was started, there would be endless troubles.
"Your Majesty, it's not that far, we can make fake pounds, then the British can also make fake Levs. This is totally a loss for both sides!" Kennedy said embarrassedly
Now Britain and Bulgaria are competing against each other, but they have not yet reached the point where the bayonet is popular. Once this step is taken, there will be no turning back!
"Don't let the British know it? Even if the pound is printed, we don't have to come forward to do it in person?
This year, there are too many people who are short of money. We only need to produce a few sets of printing equipment in pound sterling and sell them in secret. Naturally, someone will do the rest for us!
As long as the fake pound sterling is not printed by us, let the British find it slowly. Whether we can find it has nothing to do with us.
We disassemble all the printing equipment into parts for export, which can also be mixed with parts produced by the British themselves, and then assemble them when they arrive. "Ferdinand said with a smile
This bad idea was inspired by the Japanese by Ferdinand. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Japanese government printed a large amount of legal currency, which destroyed the national government's economy.
Now he has put out a bunch of fake pound sterling, not to mention that it can destroy the British economy, but let the pound depreciation more severely, this is always OK?
An eight-percent decline has not yet broken the market’s credit for the pound, but if it becomes a decline of 40%, 50%, or even 70% to 80%, wouldn’t this confidence be broken? What?
You know, in the case of a depreciation of the pound, the more pound they hold, the greater their loss, even if they have confidence in the pound and see the continuous loss of wealth in their hands, they will also make the right choice.
In order to stop the loss, reducing pound holdings has become everyone's only choice. As long as there are people in the market who continue to insist on the pound, then the London government does not want to devalue the pound.
Using inflation to stimulate the economy cannot be sustained. Every currency devaluation is to postpone the crisis, not to say that it can be resolved.
When a substantial currency depreciation occurs, there will be more and more people who lose confidence in the pound sterling in the market, and finally feedback on the circulation of pound sterling.
Internationally, the holdings of the pound sterling have fallen, which means that the pound’s international currency status has been shaken, and it also means that other currencies will gradually grow larger.
"Your Majesty, these alone are not enough. We can still follow up on currency devaluation, but we don't have to give up the gold standard, we can directly lower the ratio of Lev to gold!" Kennedy thought for a while and proposed.
"No, the value of Lev cannot be shaken at this time. Don't forget that Lev holdings in the international market have increased by 18.6% in the past two months.
Now we are beginning to erode the position of the pound sterling. At this time, let Lev depreciate, and all previous efforts have been in vain.
Let Lev replace the British pound as an international currency. I don’t need to say that everyone knows how great the benefits are.
Compared with this, the others are not worth mentioning at all. Bulgaria's largest export market is in Southeast Europe. As long as this part of the basic disk is not lost, let them compete for the rest! "Ferdinand shook his head and said
The establishment of currency credit cannot be completed overnight, even if it is linked to gold. Everyone still has doubts about holding small commodities.
Lev’s rise is already fast, and his competitors are almost dead, and only the pound remains.
For example: after the outbreak of the Russian Civil War, the ruble killed himself.
Another example: Deutsche Mark has ruined his credit because of war indemnities.
Another example: the US dollar has become history with the collapse of the United States.
There is also the franc, which was sacrificed by the French government to solve the financial crisis, thus losing the possibility of becoming a world currency.
There is a good saying, "If you want to establish a world currency system, you must first establish a world hegemony system!"
Now the world hegemony is still some distance away from Bulgaria. At this time, it is not easy for Lev to replace the British pound as the world currency.
Ferdinand did not even think of reaching the sky in one step. He was only to shake the position of the pound sterling, which in turn would affect the British economy, and at the same time send a signal to the outside world that the British have been dwindling and prepare for the future.
"Then, we can only think of a way to keep the franc depreciation. As long as the currency devaluation war is provoked, the British will either continue to follow up or put the existing plans into waste." Kennedy thought for a while and said.
If you want to rely on currency depreciation to gain competitiveness, it is as simple as that, as long as everyone depreciates together, whose market can the British go to grab?
Bulgaria does not need to participate, because the rise is too late, the UU reading www.uukanshu.com market has long been divided up by the old empire. As a rising star, they can only rely on Southeast Europe and their local market development.
In markets in other regions, Bulgaria still has some advantages in food processing, machinery and equipment manufacturing, and other industries can only sell oil.
No matter how the market changes, the two rigid demand industries, food and oil, are at best reduced in demand and cannot be banned.
Even if all countries have adopted tariff barriers, no country has imposed restrictions on food imports and oil imports?
With the support of these two industries, Ferdinand can naturally sit firmly on the Diaoyutai.
For the remaining machinery and equipment manufacturing, there is no market at this time. Everyone is compressing production capacity. Who buys machinery and equipment?
No matter how competitive it is, it is not needed in the market, and it is not in vain!
"With a secret push, the French economy is not doing well now, and they won't mind another currency devaluation.
At the same time, also induce Germany and Italy to join the devaluation army, and finally see if they can win! "Ferdinand said with a sneer
He really hoped that the British could hold on to the end, so he didn't have to do anything, and the British would just play the pound.
The British Empire today is different from the United States in later generations. The Americans are the dominant family.
As for the British, there are still many countries that dare to challenge their hegemony in this period, especially Bulgaria's rapid rise, and the comprehensive national strength of the two sides has been very close.
The two sides did not fight, it is because the conflict of interest between the two sides of everyone is not big enough, not enough to make the two countries desperately.
But competition is indispensable. If the pound continues to depreciate, who would dare to hold a large amount?
Can no one continue to become an international currency?
...