Chapter 166: development of

After being disturbed in 1850, the past was so silent. The seemingly ordinary year has had a profound impact on Austria.
A large amount of foreign capital has flowed into Austria, driving the development of the domestic economy, and various factories have sprung up like mushrooms.
The most direct impact of economic growth is the increase in government fiscal revenue. Although many industries have given preferential treatment for tax reduction and exemption, the government has also obtained a large amount of tax revenue in the upstream and downstream links.
The industrial and commercial tax revenue in 1850 increased by 8% compared to 1849, which is more than 4 million dongs. It seems that this number is not large, but Franz is very satisfied.
This is just the beginning. When the tax exemption period ends, it will be an explosion period of tax growth.
Obviously, the benefits brought by the development of industry and commerce will not be limited to this point. The supporting industrial chain of enterprises will also develop accordingly.
This is reflected in industries such as raw material production, product sales, transportation, catering and entertainment, which can be seen financially.
In 1850, Austria's economy grew by 18.7%, and the government's fiscal revenue increased by 9.4%.
This number is not high. After any country opens its markets, it will usher in high-speed economic growth, with examples of soaring 30-40%.
However, in the same period of Europe, Austria's economic development speed can be regarded as an absolute ride.
There is no doubt that the dividends brought by economic growth have been directly invested in the military and have not been able to continue to be invested in reproduction.
Of course, Franz did not dare to invest in reproduction. If it were not for the restrictions of communication and traffic conditions in this era, Austria's fiery economic growth would have been even faster.
This is not to say that rapid economic growth is necessarily a good thing. For a country, the most important thing is sustainable development. The economy has skyrocketed in the short term, and if the market has not kept up, then overcapacity cannot be avoided.
Overcapacity means that a large number of goods cannot be sold, and they will rot in the warehouse. Rich companies can also cut production capacity for transformation, and weak companies will naturally have no choice but to go bankrupt.
Businesses went bankrupt, the number of unemployed increased, and the purchasing power of the market continued to decline. Once again, the capitalists had to continue to reduce production capacity and layoffs. The vicious circle began and the economic crisis broke out.
To some extent, this arms race has also prolonged Austria's rapid economic growth. The army itself is a consumer group, and the expansion of the army is also expanding the consumer market.
Now the fastest growing railway in Austria is the railway. Construction started in 1849, and now there are hundreds of bidding sections.
The annual mileage of the railway has increased by 265 kilometers. Don't get it wrong that this is not a new repair, but a railway that started in a few years, and it happened to be completed in 1850.
The railway started in 1849 is still not visible to Mao. This is different from the railway. Road construction can be constructed by pouring a section of road, and railways are different. Unless a section is completed, even if the track is paved, dare not run the train?
However, in 1852, it is estimated that some sections of the plain area will be open to traffic, and whether it will be put into operation in advance. Only the railway company knows this issue.
This little problem, the Austrian government will not bother, these private railway operations are self-financing and have nothing to do with the government.
To encourage everyone to build railways, the Austrian government also announced a tax exemption. Starting from the establishment of railway projects, no railway operation tax will be levied in the next ten years.
If you want to make money, repair the road in advance to operate it. Delaying the construction period is not enough to live with your wallet.
Taking advantage of the hot environment of the railway, the Austrian government has packaged a large number of railway lines to private railway companies, and the demolition costs can be borne by the government. The prerequisite is that the railway construction rights must be started within one year and within ten years. To open to traffic.
According to Franz's knowledge, the Austrian government has so far cheated and the total length of the railway routes sold has exceeded 40,000 kilometers.
God knows how many bad projects will be left in the end, and the government will not lose anyway. Even if you take over the bad project later, isn't it cheaper than building from scratch?
The railway companies are also clear about these problems, but the hot market will deceive people's eyes, and Austria's economic growth will also deceive many people.
Coupled with the convulsion of financial consortia, investors' ambitions have also been fueled. Many speculators are thinking about selling the stock when they reach the highest point, and then make a lot of money.
If you want to drive up the stock price, naturally you need to make a beautiful report. If a railway company has only a few hundred kilometers of railroad, you can't attract many people if you brag about it.
If there are thousands of kilometers or even tens of thousands of kilometers of railroads, then there is no need to brag, someone will give you a blueprint for your development.
Making money by railway is only one aspect. After controlling the railway network in some areas, even if you invest in other industries, you can use the transportation network in your hand to squeeze out your peers. A conceptual business empire has emerged.
In the hottest era of European railways, there may be four or five railways operated by different companies between the two cities to compete directly in the market.
The Austrian government is fairly polite, at least it has not authorized the same road section to different railway companies, which has made many people see the opportunity.
Is there any more profitable business in the world than a "monopoly"? Even if it is a railway line with low economic value, once a market monopoly is formed, it will also make a lot of money!
Franz won't admit that he is using everyone's flicker capitalists to invest in railways. Monopoly management is possible, which avoids the waste of resources caused by market competition. As long as it does not affect the development of the domestic economy, Franz does not mind the emergence of monopolies.
If the freight is too high, which affects the domestic economic development, then the person who made the rules can also modify the rules, such as: Price Bureau, Railway State-owned ...
The Austrian government will never tell investors about these discordant topics, otherwise how could the British consortium be fooled over?
Americans have done things, and Franz doesn't mind copying them once. No matter how much, you can repair the railway first and then talk about it. After the completion of the railway, there is no use value, then you can consider turning over your face.
In Franz's view, the highest profit of public facilities projects in previous lives in Hong Kong must not exceed 15%, which is a good policy.
If the Austrian government copied it, people should be very supportive, right? As for the railway companies, 15% of their profits can also make them very nourished.
When investors will be able to recover construction costs, this question is unknown. Anyway, the investors in the front have made money, and the followers in the back have always been unlucky.
The development of the railway has naturally stimulated the steel industry. Every steel company has expanded its production capacity and is preparing to have a cup of wine in the next feast.
In order to effectively integrate resources and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises, the Austrian Ministry of Industry ordered in March 1850 to merge 7 state-owned steel companies into the Austrian Steel Group.
The first giant steel company in Austria with an annual output of 12,000 tons of raw steel and 184,000 tons of iron was born. Art processing, it is an annual output of 200,000 tons of steel, so the world's first steel group was born.
Whether this is the world's first steel group is still to be verified, but it is an indisputable fact that it becomes the first steel company in Austria. Half of the steel capacity of the entire Austrian empire lies in this group.
In this era, countries with steel output of more than 100,000 tons worldwide only had single digits. Countries with more than one million tons were British.
If not everyone stayed at this level, the Austrian media would not dare to brag about it. Generally speaking, journalists in this era are still polite.
After the merger, these steel mills began to divide their labors. According to the geographical location of each place, give full play to their own resource advantages to integrate production capacity.
Simply put, it is based on the quality of the iron ore that all that is suitable for steelmaking is used for steelmaking, and those that are suitable for ironmaking are used for ironmaking. Do not engage in mixed production mode.
The core is to bring together the core technologies of several companies and use their strengths in industrial production. At the same time, a smelting technology research and development department was set up to promote technological innovation.
According to the plan, the production capacity of the Austrian Steel Group will be increased to 240,000 tons in 1851, to 320,000 tons in 1852, and to exceed 450,000 tons in 1853 ...
These plans are not random, they are made entirely according to market needs, how to grab orders without expanding production capacity?
The construction of the railway network in Austria, but a big piece of fat, the relevant companies did not want to take a bite.
Calculated based on the use of 60 kilograms of steel for a one-meter railway, 60,000 kilograms of steel will be consumed per kilometer, which means that the Austrian railway network plan will consume more than two million tons of steel.
Such a good opportunity, if steel companies do not expand production capacity, it will be brain flooding.
In order to support steel companies, the Austrian government has decided not to draw profits from this newly formed group in the next five years, and has also injected a million dongs for technological innovation.
Not only are steel companies, many related industries are desperately expanding capacity, and Franz is also making a lot of money.
Don't look at small things like sand and gravel. In fact, anyone who has worked in engineering knows that the profits of these inconspicuous things are not low at all.
According to preliminary estimates, light concrete pouring for each kilometer of the railway will consume more than 100,000 tons of gravel aggregate, and the stone needed for the thick layer of gravel above is an astronomical figure.
With any large amount of goods, profits also go up. These humble little things are actually no less profitable than steel plants that produce railroad tracks.
But most of the time, it is scattered in the hands of countless retail investors, and it seems inconspicuous. Franz just used prophets to make advance arrangements and carry out monopolies.
Of course, he would not admit the monopoly. If you don't believe it, you can check the contract between the railway company and the Austrian mining group, which can prove that the monopoly operation does exist.
It's just that those who know the information will not say that the media will not even report.
External explanation: The Austrian Mining Group is only an agent. These mines are distributed under the names of dozens of companies. In order to avoid vicious competition, we have formed a group and negotiated with the railway company.
That's right, the truth is, in order to avoid being pushed down by railway companies, everyone joined together. Haven't you looked at the last transaction price, is it almost the same as the market price?
If there is a monopoly, it will definitely increase the price. Since there is no substantial price increase, it is not a monopoly.
What lay down to make money was finally felt by Franz in 1850. In this humble business, he earned an annual profit of 1.23 million dong.
This is just the beginning. With the advancement of railway construction, he can lay down to make money for a long time to come.
Unfortunately, the construction of the railway has been completed, and the wild gravel mines in the wild will no longer be sold. If you want to make a lot of money, you have to wait for the construction of the highway network. Judging from the current situation, there is no need to look forward to the next 30 to 40 years.
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