Chapter 93: Winner takes all

　　Although there was an episode, the experiment has to continue.
　　 Xu Qiu tried the other three solutions again.
　　 used three syringes and three filters, and he finally came to a conclusion:
　　 The four 2# and 4# solutions can not be used.
　　 "What should I do," Chen Wanqing was anxious:
　　 "Would you like to add some solvent, try to lower the concentration of the solution?"
　　 "I think it's a bit difficult. In the second batch of materials, there should be some extremely low-solubility substances. Lowering the concentration may not necessarily dissolve them." Xu Qiu said:
　　 "Furthermore, the concentration of the solution we prepared is not too high. If it is further diluted, the coated film will be too thin."
　　 Although it is not very promising, Xu Qiu still added one volume of solvent to each solution of 2# and 4# and diluted them to half the original concentration.
　　 In fact, Xu Qiu has a solution to the problem of solubility, but he still needs to know it after experiments in a simulation laboratory.
　　 "First, make the 1# and 3# solution devices, and see how the effect is." Xu Qiu said.
　　 Chen Wanqing had nothing to do, so she nodded.
　　 Only 8 substrates were used before, and 16 substrates remained.
　　 Xu Qiu changed the speed, added 2000 and 4000 rpm, other conditions remained unchanged, and used up all the substrates.
　　……
　　 Evaporation and testing.
　　 After 24 films have been tested, the highest efficiency of Xu Qiu's system is 4.13%, and that of Chen Wanqing is 5.25%.
　　 After getting the results, Chen Wanqing was much happier and said:
　　 "The situation is much better than expected. I thought there could only be 1% or 2% efficiency."
　　 "At least it shows that the general direction is correct," Xu Qiu said:
　　 "By the way, Senpai, your efficiency is 1% higher than mine."
　　 "Different systems cannot be directly compared with efficiency," Chen Wanqing said:
　　 "We do different types. It seems that I am more efficient, but in fact it is not as good as you.
　　Because my ternary system is based on the work of others, it is normal to be able to do high, after all, the efficiency of their dual system can reach more than 10%.
　　 If I take the article as an example, I want to post an article in the second district, and the device efficiency must be at least about 8%.
　　 If you can achieve 10%, you can almost send it to one district.
　　 Going up is basically impossible.
　　 And your system is a new system, with an efficiency of about 6%, you can publish an article in the second district.
　　 If the efficiency can reach 8%, it will almost reach the threshold of a district.
　　 If you achieve 10%, you can publish very good journals, such as AM and EES, the top journals of materials science, or Nature Communications. "
　　 "What if you want to publish the main journal of Nature?" Xu Qiu said.
　　 "If you want to publish this kind of top journal, you must make a major breakthrough." Chen Wanqing said:
　　"The current world record for the efficiency of organic photovoltaic systems is 12%, which has been maintained for several years.
　　 Your new material, if the efficiency can achieve 14%, 15%, it is estimated that there is still some possibility to publish the main issue.
　　 But it is more likely to be published in its major magazines, such as "Nature Optics" and so on. "
　　 "It's so difficult to post a piece of "Nature"." Xu Qiu said.
　　 "Of course, CNS is the ultimate pursuit of scientific researchers all over the world." Chen Wanqing said:
　　"If a student produces a piece of "Nature", it will be enough for him to graduate with a Ph.D. and he will definitely be on the news.
　　 For experimental science such as materials, it takes a certain amount of accumulation to publish this top journal. It requires a lot of preliminary work, and few unknown people publish "Nature".
　　 At least I have heard of you in this field and read his articles. I am usually a bigwig in the industry.
　　 Unless your discovery is earth-shattering, you still need the approval of most of your peers to be worthy of your name. "
　　 "Preliminary work is required, isn't that just to encourage paper irrigation in disguise?" Xu Qiu said.
　　 "So we should also treat the phenomenon of essay irrigation dialectically," Chen Wanqing said:
　　" An article is only a few pages short, and it is definitely impossible to explain all the issues clearly. At this time, it is a better choice to split it into several articles for publication.
　　 For example, a major scientific researcher has achieved a major research result.
　　 He posted the main conclusions in Nature, and some scraps and preliminary work were published in journals such as AM and EES.
　　 After other researchers see his work published in Nature, they can also check his articles in other journals if they are interested.
　　 Studying the research ideas of the big guys may be helpful to my own scientific research. "
　　 "This kind of routine, no wonder some people can publish dozens of articles in two or three years." Xu Qiu said.
　　 "Yes, the scientific research field is always a winner takes all," Chen Wanqing said:
　　"For the average researcher, the articles are posted one by one, and for the big guys, the articles are posted one dozen each.
Therefore, when the number of articles by the researcher reaches a certain level, the number of articles is not so important, and more depends on his representative work, the citation status of the paper, or the number of high-quality articles ~EbookFREE.me~ usually. Use the H factor to judge the scientific research level of a researcher. For example, an H factor of 10 means that he has at least 10 articles cited more than 10 times. "
　　 H factor Xu Qiu had heard of it, and he curiously said:
　　 "What is the H factor of Teacher Wei?"
　　 "He, it seems to be 25, it's not too low, mainly because of his work in the United States," Chen Wanqing said:
　　 "He is almost 40 years old now. He is Qingqian. If he wants to take a step closer, he must rely on his students to judge Jieqing or even the Yangtze River before the age of 45."
　　 "I'm a drag oil bottle anyway." Chen Wanqing smiled self-deprecatingly:
　　 "Don't talk about this, let's wait until Sunday to make a batch of devices, adjust the experimental conditions, see if the performance can be improved, and then study the next experimental plan."
　　……
　　 After finishing the experiment, Xu Qiu returned to the bedroom and entered the simulation laboratory.
　　 The solution to the solubility problem, he has already thought of, is to use chloroform solvent to extract the product.
　　The methanol, acetone, and n-hexane solvents used in the previous post-treatment are used for Soxhlet extraction to remove small molecular impurities in the product, so the extract is a waste liquid.
　　The extraction with chloroform is different. The polymer material is dissolved and extracted into the Erlenmeyer flask below, so the extract is the part to be retained.
　　Instead, the filter paper in the extraction tube is discarded. It contains substances that cannot be extracted, including polymers with high molecular weights and insolubles produced by side reactions, such as nonlinear polymer molecules.
　　 There are three previous reaction devices in the fume hood, which are still in operation.
　　 Xu Qiu set up four sets of Soxhlet extraction devices next to him, and began to extract, twice the speed.