Vol 3 Chapter 2070: Formal linguistics [three more]

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In the end, Taize Fengze called Zi Yiyi.
"Yo, Zixu buddy." Wang Qi nodded. "Meeting again. Now, the Yu people are the best at writing, is it you?"
"It's just a love of characters since childhood, so I have a little understanding of the characters and use them to write poems and essays."
Zixuyi is the most progressive among these Yu people. He studied human knowledge and mathematics very hard, and even mastered the human language.
When Wang Qi wrote the history of mathematics before, he also asked him to collaborate. Occasionally, he also came to the Yu nationality to catch Zhuang Ding, and asked Zi Yiyi to write some piecemeal things.
He did not expect that Zixuyi was still the only surviving master of the Yu nationality.
Zi Xuyi led Wang Qi to a basement. Here are full of books, all of them are cultural instruments. Zi Xuyi said: "At the time of the Great Retreat, Your Majesty we took this set of Tianjia dictionaries passed down from generation to generation. This is the most complete dictionary of the Yu nationality. If Mr. really wants to learn This is the best. "
Wang Qi nodded with satisfaction; "Very good, very good ..."
Zi Xuyi said: "What does Mr. want to learn? Discipline? Explain? Or ..."
"Why did you all start with this set." Wang Qi waved his hand: "No, learning must be learning, but before learning, I want to ask you a question."
Zi Xuyi froze: "Sir, please."
"Do you know the" referred "and" signable "of language?"
This question is what every linguistics college student on the planet learns in the first lesson after college.
Its roots are the Swedish linguist Ferdinand de Saussure-Saussure, the father of modern linguistics. Saussure's "General Linguistics Course" has completely rewritten the existing form of the subject "linguistics". Before Saussure, the study of linguistics was the category of history, Chinese, and comparative research. Starting from Saussure, linguists began to study the structure of self-proclaimed language.
The "General Linguistics Course" is about the foundation of studying natural language structure methods.
Language is a two-sided system. A vocabulary, there is a referent, a signifier. "Indicated" refers to an abstract concept, while "indicated" refers to the language of this vocabulary.
According to Saussure, there is a collection in the world. Each element in this set corresponds to one or several concepts in the objective world. Each vocabulary of any language corresponds to an element in this set. This concept is similar to Plato's "ideological world" view.
Here in Saussure, the "structure" of language is an objective matter.
This is "structuralism"-a linguistic structuralism that differs from the structuralism of the mathematical level of the Bulbaki school.
With these basic structures, mathematical concepts with axiomatic properties naturally lead to Saussure's ideas.
It is possible to simplify language activities into a string of symbols generated according to some formal rules, and the symbols are connected to the meaning in a customary and arbitrary way.
In fact, the use of mechanical language is completed under the guidance of this kind of thinking.
However, in this world, such a view is difficult to be put forward in the early days of civilization.
Because, in this world, the monk's ability to move is very strong. Even in the early days of civilization, monks were sufficient to undertake the task of "communication". Within one species and one civilization, there are at most two or three languages, and the rest are all dialects.
Without this comparison between different languages, it is much harder to realize this importance.
Moreover, under normal circumstances, there is no need to do this kind of thinking-after all, a civilization is only one or two languages, learn one.
Wang Qi was throwing out this structuralist linguistics when he was in contact with the Yu nationality because of his intentional "structuralism."
In fact, the knot-knotted notes of the Yu people can also be divided into "referred" and "signified". "Referred to" means the knot, and "signifier" refers to the structure of the knot in the three-dimensional space, and the speech it represents.
This is still true even in the language of the Yun nationality.
After listening to Wang Qi ’s remarks about the meaning of
referred
and
significant
, and accepting the idea of ​​
semiotics
, Zi Xuyi almost bowed to the ground and was ashamed:
After reading empty books for decades After decades of words, I do n’t even understand the essence of this
symbol
. If it was n’t for Mr. Wang Qi ’s order, I would be afraid that all beings would be in the dark ...
Wang Qi's old blood was stuck in his throat: "Brother Zixu, you don't want to kill me with such a bite, it makes me hard to learn!"
"Here, what other faces do students have to teach Mr. Wang Qi?" Zi Xuyi said: "Don't dare to laugh generously ..."
"Why is it ridiculous?" Wang Qi said: "On the broad understanding of the text, I am really inferior to you ..."
"Knowledgers don't know, bloggers don't know." Zi Xuyi said: "Mr. Wang Qi already knows the truth of words, why should he give up the book and ask for the method of exegesis?"
"Eh, I said, is it true that your Yuzu philology is nothing more than an exegesis?" Wang Qi was not happy: "How can I 'deeply understand the truth of writing'? How much tone do I have? Clear? "
"This ..." Zi Xuyi thought, but felt really justified. Although Mr. Wang Qi is unreliable, the gift to his friends has to pull him to compose auspicious meanings, but his knowledge is always true, maybe, he can really see the places he cannot see, Maybe.
Therefore, Zi Xuyi could only worship again and said, "I understand."
Wang Qi is also helpless. If he can, he is really not happy to deal with these Wenqing races. Which of the Yu nationality, the beautiful god, the Zhenyan god, and the Ming nationality made him laugh and feel exhausted?
However, he really has to deal with these guys.
How to say, this is a pavement for "formal linguistics".
Formal linguistics is the subject of compatriots with computer science. One of the early achievements of formal linguistics, the "Tue grammar" and "word problem", is one of the starting points of computer language. This is the earliest mathematician's attempt to perform mathematical operations on the language. The natural extension of learning.
And further, it is Chomsky's "Syntactic Structure".
"Syntactic Structure" is hailed as "the greatest achievement of linguistics in the 20th century", but in fact, its influence has transcended the concept of "linguistics" and extended into "computer science".
In other words, Chomsky, who is a "linguist", has surpassed natural language in his universality of linguistics, and has penetrated into higher-level higher-level languages. The basic course of computer science will involve the Chomsky system because it conveys insights into multiple formal languages.
Biologists also use Chomsky's results to explain some biological phenomena. The 1984 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine, Niels Gilne, explained the human immune system with Chomsky's generative model. He likened "various features of protein structure" to "various components of generative grammar". Gilne ’s Stockholm Nobel Lecture was titled "Generating Grammar of the Immune System".
Of course, after the concept of "central law" was established, the concept of information science invaded the life sciences. The concepts of information science such as transcription, translation, and expression have long been a part of life science.
But it is the first time that he has entered the field of life sciences as a "linguist".
He even entered the history of mathematics and biology.
Objectively speaking, the deciphering of Wang Qi and Ai Qinglan's unwitting cooperation was a natural application of Chomsky's theory.
And this is what Wang Qi wants to accomplish.
Linguistics above linguistics.
Linguistics that can guide all arithmetic languages ​​and grammars.
It can be applied to the metamorphic method, and even all the spells of the seal language.
All of this requires the completion of "mathematical manipulation of text." In this way, linguistics itself will continue to deepen with the study of mathematics-not on the surface, exhausting the birth of history and humanities.
In Shenzhou, any concept that is bound to "learning" means "everything is unbroken, and there is no loss of tradition."
If this step is completed, the calculator language can be further deepened and simplified, and more people can be involved in Wang Qi's calculator research and development, truly "gathering the wisdom of everyone".
Moreover, Wang Qi Healing does have the capital to do so.
Chomsky also belongs to the kind of great scholar who can only be compared with the dead. However, Wang Qi did not fail to complete his achievements independently, and even made the possibility of advancing in reverse.
The reason is very simple, the gift of the beautiful god.
The language collected by Meishen is vast and the number of languages ​​is even greater than the total number of human beings that have existed on earth. One person can't finish several languages.
As a linguist, Chomsky cannot learn so many languages.
Moreover, these languages ​​not only have sound waves, but also have many different forms such as light waves, spiritual waves, and electromagnetic waves.
Although it is not possible to speak many languages, you can become the greatest mathematician.
However, it is like "the daily practice of oral mathematics is the basis for becoming a mathematician" that Wang Qi admires. If you do n’t even practice mental arithmetic, and you do n’t want to cultivate a natural sense of
numbers,
then it ’s just nonsense to be a mathematician.
Linguistics is the same. Learned enough language, naturally can produce almost "insight".
Not to mention, the "literate language" is also mixed with the insights of the ultimate cultural youths such as the beautiful gods into the text.
Wang Qi needs to incorporate these insights into the theoretical scope of mathematics.
The only problem is that Wang Qi's language proficiency was given by someone else. He can only count it but not know why ...
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