Chapter 702: thermometer

"Emperor, this is what you want."
In the glass workshop, the supervisor handed a short glass rod to Xiao Ming, and there was an obvious white mark in the middle of the glass rod.
This thing is the purpose of Xiao Ming's coming here, and he is a thermometer.
The earliest thermometer in history was invented by the Italian scientist Galileo in 1593.
This kind of thermometer has an open glass tube at one end, and a walnut-sized glass bulb at the other end. When using the thermometer, the glass bulb is heated first, and then the glass tube is inserted into the water.
At this time, as the temperature changes, the water surface in the glass tube will move up and down, and the temperature change and the temperature can be judged according to how much it moves.
It can be said that the thermometer at this stage was filled with water. Then in the 17th century, France reduced the volume of the glass bulb and changed the temperature measurement material to mercury. This is the embryonic form of the later generations of thermometers.
Then the Dutch Warrenheit used alcohol in 1709 and mercury as a measuring substance in 1714 to create a more accurate thermometer. This is the development history of thermometers.
With the birth of the thermometer, the Celsius and Fahrenheit standards were also born.
Although the thermometer is only a small invention, this small invention is very important, because the thermometer can test the specific temperature value.
In fact, this kind of glass mercury thermometer is not so precise and complicated. The steps are generally to manufacture the hollow glass tube first, which is not too difficult for the current glass workshop.
As for the mercury bubble and the small bubble that acts as a partition in this thermometer, it is nothing more than glass blowing.
After making the glass rod, fill it with mercury, then heat and seal the glass tube in a low-pressure environment, and then heat the seal.
At this time, the mercury part is at the other end, and the thermal conductivity of the glass is not good, so it basically does not affect the mercury. After these actions are completed, the scale is marked. This work is also very simple because Xiao Ming has a ready-made standard reference. The Celsius standard can come.
And he is also preparing to adopt degrees Celsius as the future temperature standard for the country.
Now the thermometer in his hand is used to measure the human body temperature. His purpose is to use the human body thermometer to establish the temperature standard of the country, so that he can produce industrial thermometers and still promote the temperature standard.
In his opinion, whether it is the steel industry or the smelting industry, the temperature control in the production process is very strict. Accurate temperature control can improve the quality of industrial production.
Therefore, what he wants to produce after the human body thermometer is an industrial bimetal thermometer. This bimetal thermometer works on the principle that two different metals expand differently when the temperature changes, and can be used to detect the temperature during industrial production.
This kind of thermometer usually makes the metal sheet into a spiral shape. When the temperature of the multi-layer metal sheet changes, the metal of each layer expands or contracts differently, which will cause the spiral roll to roll up or loosen.
Because one end of the spiral coil is fixed and the other end is connected with a pointer that can rotate freely, when the bimetallic piece feels the temperature change, the pointer can indicate the temperature on a circular graduation scale.
For him, this kind of thermometer can be produced in Qingzhou at the current stage. As for the advanced resistance thermometer is still out of reach, but for him, it is enough to use. He only needs to give the watchmaker the structure drawing of the metal thermometer. This is not a problem for watchmakers who can make pendulum clocks.
"By the way, is there a microscope besides that?" Xiao Ming asked.
This time he not only assigned the task of producing thermometers to the glass workshop, but also gave up the work of manufacturing microscopes.
Compared with a telescope, this microscope is the other extreme, and he is going to make it and send it to medical school.
"The emperor, wait a minute, this microscope was made by another group of craftsmen, and this will be here soon." The supervisor said. As soon as his voice fell, a craftsman came towards him with a microscope.
Like a spotting telescope, the microscope in the hands of the craftsman is full of the quaint taste of the eighteenth century, with glass lenses and a metal body.
After getting these two things, Xiao Ming was satisfied. He said to Qian Dafu, "Go, go to medical school, and let Huang Tingzhi understand how powerful I am."
Xiao Ming was happy, and Qian Dafu also became happy. Although he didn't know the use of these two things, it must be a powerful thing from Xiao Ming's expression.
After leaving the glass workshop, the two went directly to the medical school.
After splitting Bowen College, Xiao Ming found another place for the medical school, not far from Bowen College, which is the distance between two private squares.
The high mortality rate of wounded soldiers in the Northern War made Xiao Ming have to pay attention to the development of the medical school. If medical technology can keep up, it will not reduce the number of soldiers so severely.
In the future, Da Yu will face more wars. At this time, it is very important to train a group of refined medical officers.
When he arrived at the medical school, Xiao Ming went directly to the medical hall set up in the medical school. On weekdays, Huang Tingzhi would also treat the people here while teaching students.
"The emperor." Huang Tingzhi was surprised by Xiao Ming's arrival, and he immediately got up and saluted.
Xiao Ming asked Huang Tingzhi to exempt him. He took out the thermometer and microscope and said to Huang Tingzhi, "Old Huang, I am here today to give you two sharp weapons."
Huang Tingzhi was a little stunned. He looked at the glass rod in Xiao Ming's hand, then looked at the microscope, and said in confusion, "The emperor, what are these?"
"Clinical thermometer and microscope." Xiao Ming said. It is not surprising that Huang Tingzhi does not know these, because now Huang Tingzhi is still studying the few medical classics he gave, and has not yet been exposed to Western things.
"This..." Huang Tingzhi was still a little confused.
Xiao Ming said: "How does Huang Lao judge whether a person has the cold?"
"Naturally, Wang Wenqinqe~EbookFREE.me~ Xiao Ming said sternly: "With this thing, I don't need to see, hear and ask to know if this person is sick? "
"The emperor is joking. You don't need to look around and ask, how could the emperor know?" Huang Tingzhi suddenly laughed.
Xiao Ming knew that Huang Tingzhi was very confident, so he was always worried that he would be dismissive of Western medicine, so this time he came to let Huang Tingzhi experience his unique medical skills.
Hearing the words, he said: "Lao Huang only needs to take this thing to take the temperature of the patient among the medical officers.
Then Xiao Ming explained the principle of the thermometer, and at the same time briefly explained the knowledge of human body temperature.
Holding the thermometer, Huang Tingzhi's expression was very shocked. He half-trusted every patient in the hospital to test their temperature.
When he saw the temperature record of each patient, he was stunned.