Vol 2 Chapter 1074: Alchemist who has become a demon! (under)

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In a certain episode of the TV series "The Palace", the heroine Luo Qingchuan remembered a passage from a teacher in a modern school in order to escape from the underground palace: "Sulfuric acid has existed in ancient China, but it was not called sulfuric acid at the time, but green Alum is not used in industrial production. It is usually used to treat diseases such as typhoid fever and dysentery. There are historical records. The ancient thieves ignited green alum collected from pharmacies with fire to make it into a liquid and corrode wealthy families. Stealing from the walls shows that sulfuric acid was widely used more than a thousand years ago."
Although green alum can indeed be used to make sulfuric acid, the statement in the TV series is very problematic!
According to "Compendium of Materia Medica", green vitriol is a traditional Chinese medicine that can treat typhoid fever, malaria and other diseases. But green alum cannot burn, so it is definitely wrong to use the method of igniting green alum to prepare sulfuric acid.
In the first "Chemistry Laboratory" of Datang, the second half of Wang Ji's words made Li Zexuan curious. He asked: "Some early experiences? What experience did Mr. Wang have in his early years?"
Wang Ji blushed and said with some shame: "Lao Xu was a Taoist priest in his early years, and he also practiced elixir..."
Li Zexuan widened his eyes, looked at Wang Ji like an alien, and said, "Mr. Wang, have you ever practiced an elixir before?"
He only knew that Wang Ji had a good literary talent and had been a Taoist priest, but he had never thought that this old man was an alchemist, and he really found a treasure in the academy... he found a ghost! Ghost!
Wang Ji was so embarrassed, he quickly coughed twice and said:
"Ahem! Those are all things from the past, the mountain leader must not mention it again! Don't mention it again!"
Now Wang Ji, who has studied "Chemistry", has completely understood how ridiculous the pill refining practices at the beginning were. The elixir pill he cultivated were nothing more than poison pill! If it hadn't been for Li Zexuan's question today, he would never have mentioned the matter of alchemy back then. In his opinion, this matter should be counted as a stain in his life!
Li Zexuan pursed his lips and smiled, and said, "Haha! Then don't mention it! Mr. Wang, keep talking."
Wang Ji glanced at Li Zexuan with a "sorrowful" look, and then continued:
"Back then, when the old man made alchemy, he cast green alum in the furnace, and the furnace was corroded by a small piece! A few days ago, the old man suddenly remembered this accidentally, and combined with the mountain leader you wrote In the "Chemistry" textbook, I felt that the reason why the pill furnace was corroded was probably because the green alum was decomposed at high temperature to produce sulfuric acid!"
Li Zexuan's expression was complicated upon hearing this.
In his previous life, he had read a post in Post Bar, saying: Why did Western alchemy develop into chemistry, while Eastern alchemy only left some illusory elixir?
In fact, this argument is a bit too one-sided. Ancient Chinese alchemists were not useless. They invented gunpowder, invented sulfuric acid, and discovered redox, metal replacement, and acid-base neutralization reactions.
For example, the alchemist Ge Hong of the Eastern Jin Dynasty successfully summed up "the burning of cinnabar becomes mercury, and the accumulation of changes turns into cinnabar." This is the first time that mankind has obtained the same substance as natural products through chemical means, which can be called a great creation;
From the Han to the Tang dynasty, many alchemists’ writings recorded that iron was placed in a solution of bile vitriol (copper sulfate) to replace copper. This method is called the bile copper immersion method. It does not require high-temperature smelting to obtain copper powder. It is easy to operate and low in cost. It is the earliest metal replacement reaction in the world;
From 650 to 683 AD (in the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty), the alchemist Gugangzi recorded in his book "The Yellow Emperor Jiuding Shendan Sutra" Volume Nine that "the method of extracting the essence of stone gall", namely dry distillation of stone gall ) To obtain sulfuric acid. If expressed by a chemical equation, it is:
cuso4·5h2o=cuso4＋5h2o
cuso4=cuo＋so3↑
so3＋h2o=h2so4
This is the earliest and well-documented case of sulfuric acid production in the world!
The alchemists in the West initially made precious metals such as copper, iron, and lead into precious gold and silver. Their purpose was to increase wealth. In the Medieval West ~EbookFREE.me~ alchemists believed that all metals are composed of mercury and sulfur. Mercury is the source of all metals. Sulfur is a common component of all combustible substances. Silver contains the purest mercury and sulfur.
Therefore, in their opinion, the difference between ordinary metals and precious gold and silver lies in the difference in the ratio and purity of mercury and sulfur contained in them. The use of a "philosopher's stone" philosopher can change the nature of the metal. Base metals are converted into precious metals.
This "philosopher's stone" is respected by people as the wise man's stone. It is sacred and has magical omnipotent attributes. Countless alchemists have gone through thousands of mountains and rivers and tried their best to find the legendary wise man's stone.
In this way, what the alchemists have long been engaged in is this kind of invalid labor in the mineral, plant, and animal kingdoms.
From the ancient Greek era to the Middle Ages, people spent more than a thousand years on alchemy experiments. In the end, the dream of turning stones into gold did not come true, but the pursuit of one thousand years did not make them give up their dreams!
Therefore, from this perspective, Western alchemy in the Middle Ages represents a spirit of scientific inquiry. Perhaps this is why Western alchemy has been continuously developed and finally found its home on the road of science. Although alchemy in Arab countries developed earlier, it only remained in the primitive form of chemistry.
Looking at Western alchemy with dialectical thinking, it can be seen that Western alchemy has gone from a blind pursuit of a little bit of stone into gold in the early stage, and then developed to the exploration and knowledge of natural materials. The painstaking explorations of the early alchemists probably did not have chemistry in the modern sense.
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