Chapter 1608: Sailors canyon

The first thousand and ninety-six chapters Sailor Grand Canyon
But not all plates collide to form huge mountains, which still requires certain conditions. How the Olympus Mountain came into being has yet to be further studied.
After Zhao Zhongyao and the others had been around Olympus Mountain for a while, they decided to investigate other places.
At this moment, Zhao Zhongyao looked at Feifei and said, ‘Feifei, where should we travel next. You want to see that place. ’
At this moment, Feifei said, ‘Dad, I see if we should go to the Mariners’ Canyon. There is the lowest point of Mars. Now we have seen the highest point of Mars. Shouldn't it be the lowest point of Mars? ’
After hearing Feifei’s words, Zhao Zhongyao said, ‘Okay, let’s go to the lowest point of Mars-the Mariner's Canyon. ’
After speaking, Zhao Zhongyao flew the spacecraft to the Mars' Grand Canyon of the Mariners.
The Vale of Mariners, or Vale of Mariners, Vale of Mariners or Vale of Mariners, named after Mariner 9, is the largest canyon on Mars and the largest canyon in the solar system. It was discovered by the Mariner 9 spacecraft in 1972, and its length is about the same as the distance from New York to Los Angeles.
The largest canyon in the solar system draws a wide cut in the face of Mars. The majestic valley called Sailor Canyon extends for more than 4,500 kilometers back and forth, with a width of more than 600 kilometers at its widest point, and a depth of about 8 kilometers down. The range from east to west is 267.3 degrees east longitude to 331.1 degrees east longitude, that is, it faces the Noctis Labyrinth to the west and enters a large chaotic terrain to the east; the north-south range is 2.96 degrees south latitude to 19.09 degrees south latitude.
In comparison, the Grand Canyon in Arizona is about 800 kilometers long, 30 kilometers wide, and 1.8 kilometers deep. Although there is a major hypothesis that, when the planet cooled billions of years ago, a crack later evolved into the current canyon, the true cause of Mariner's Canyon is still uncertain. We have identified several geological evolution processes in this canyon. There is a rough geological "scar" in the hinterland of Mars, the length of which is comparable to the distance from New York to Los Angeles.
This huge fracture zone in the crust of Mars is called Vale de Mariner, and it was discovered in 1972 by the Mariner 9 spacecraft. The Vale of Sailors, composed of several parallel grooves, dwarfs the grand canyon on the earth in any comparison. It is wider, longer, deeper, and older than the Grand Canyon. It is the king of the canyon.
This mosaic of Vale de Mariner is colored to show the surface of Mars. It is composed of the Thermal Radiation Imaging System (THEMIS), a visible light and infrared sensor camera mounted on the NASA Mars "Odyssey" orbiter. The Mars "Odyssey" aircraft is manufactured by Lockheed Martin, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory is responsible for its flight control.
This mosaic of more than 500 daytime infrared photos shows more valley details than any composite photo in the past. This valley is extremely wide, and its western part runs deep through the Naktis Labyrinth, with a total length of about 3000 kilometers (2000 miles).
Nevertheless, minute details like the size of a football field (100 meters, 328 feet) can still be identified in the image. Geologists believe that the Vale of Mariners began to form frontier geological faults about 3.5 billion years ago. The fault is caused by changes in the geological structure and the continuous growth of the giant Tashis volcano in the west.
When the melted rock (magma) poured into the Tahis Mountains from the crust, the entire area began to rise. At this time, the surrounding crustal rocks continued to be stretched until they fractured to form faults and cracks. When the crack spreads, the ground will sink, just like the keystone will fall when the arch moves. At the same time, faults also open channels for the flow of groundwater, which destroys the surface and enlarges the fracture area.
In countless places in the Vale of Sails, the steep and newly exposed cliffs became very weak, and the resulting landslides made the canyon wider and wider. It is not clear when the Vale of Mariners will stop growing-because there are still small landslides in some places. But its main activities came to an end roughly 2 billion years ago. Several places in the Vale of Mariners show different stages of its formation and development. These examples help scientists better understand its ins and outs.
The Vale of Sailors initially split under a slow and irresistible pull. When geological tectonic movements dragged the Martian crust to form the Tahis Mountains, its fractures formed cracks spanning hundreds of miles on the surface.
The cracks we see today are just the remnants of the common phenomenon in the formation of Vale de Mariner. The curved shape of these faults suggests that this area is not as hard to move as the marble of the kitchen countertop.
On the contrary, it is more like a large piece of chocolate cake sliding from the cake paper, soft and curved. The other fracture is located to the north of Tashis Volcano. There, Huangquangou was cut by dozens of curved fracture zones. The surface of the ground cracked, water and melted underground ice and snow flowed down, causing the ground to collapse and some areas were washed away. The different sections of Mariner Valley provide snapshots of different stages of this process.
For example, the fault has formed collapse pits here, and some pits are connected in series to form large-area depressions. This process continues to erode the ground until the land between two adjacent faults is completely destroyed. At the eastern end of the valley, scientists observed conclusive signs of flooding. The ground here was once completely immersed in water. When the flood receded, the surface almost completely collapsed, leaving only lonely square mountains and hills.
Therefore, it is not surprising that scientists call such areas "chaotic terrain". The flood eventually poured into the northern lowlands through several scouring rivers. From the eastern end of Vale of Mariners, the floodwater flows through a series of river channels and finally reaches the Cris Basin.
In the northwest of Vale of Sailors, similar floods gushed from a depression called the valley, forming the scouring channel of the Keshi Valley. Was it an unstoppable huge flood that poured into the river, or was it the result of multiple washes by smaller floods? This is still an unsolved mystery. Evidence shows that the flood occurred in several stages and there was at least one huge flood. Although it occurred millions of years ago, this flooding phenomenon occurred concentratedly in a period called the "Occidental" in the history of Mars.
This period is a transitional period after the "Noah Period", when huge craters and volcanic activities were formed, and before the "Amazon River Generation". The names of these three periods are taken from three specific areas: Noah Terrace, Western Country Plain, and Amazon River Plain.
Although the time span of the "Western Epoch" can only be roughly inferred, scientists believe that this period started about 3.5 billion years ago and ended about 2 billion years ago. During this period, in addition to large-scale flooding and growth, Mars experienced several slow impacts and formed some craters and basins. The Martian climate gradually became colder and drier.
Zhao Zhongyao flew to the Mariner's Canyon on Mars in a flying way. This Grand Canyon is near the equator of Mars and is a very good place to find. After all, this Grand Canyon is too big. It is 4,500 kilometers long and 600 kilometers wide at its widest point. The deepest point is eight kilometers deep.
Such a grand canyon is a very obvious landform on Mars. As long as you go to Mars for an investigation, you can easily see this sailor canyon in the air.
Zhao Zhongyao is now flying to this sailor Grand Canyon with his family. Soon they flew over this sailor's canyon.
Viewing this Grand Canyon of the Mariners from high above is really like a ‘scar’ on Mars. It looked really surprising. On the surface of the ground, such deep scars suddenly appeared. It feels very strange to look at.
‘Dad, this Sailor Grand Canyon is really spectacular! I don't know what the inside of this sailor canyon looks like. Should we go to the bottom of this sailor canyon to inspect it. Feifei looked at the long sailor canyon in front of him, and he wanted to go to this sailor canyon.
'Ok! Let's take a look inside this sailor canyon. I feel that we are going to find the third amethyst gem, maybe it is in this sailor's canyon. Zhao Zhongyao looked at Feifei and said.
Zhao Zhongyao felt that this Grand Canyon of the Mariners is on Mercury, which is a very special terrain. If the third amethyst gem is on Mars, then this long sailor canyon is very likely to hide the third amethyst gem.
After hearing what Zhao Zhongyao said, Feifei smiled and said, ‘haha, what dad said is great. I also feel that this third amethyst gem is in this Sailor Grand Canyon. Let's hurry up to explore this sailor canyon! ’
After hearing what his son said, Zhao Zhongyao said, ‘Okay, let’s take a look inside the Sailors Canyon. Maybe we will soon find the third amethyst gem we are looking for. ’
So, Zhao Zhongyao flew to the bottom of the Sailor Grand Canyon again in his spacecraft. They soon flew into the Mariners Canyon.
To say that the Grand Canyon of the Mariners seen from high in the sky is already very spectacular. However, I still didn't come to the Grand Canyon of Sailors to feel spectacular. When you come to the Mariners Canyon, you will feel how magnificent this Grand Canyon is.
Zhao Zhongyao piloted the spacecraft and flew directly to the middle section of the Sailor Grand Canyon. After all, the middle section of this Sailor Grand Canyon is the deepest place. Only in the deepest place can you see some strange things.
Zhao Zhongyao drove the spaceship and parked it in a relatively open place. This place is relatively flat.
After Zhao Zhongyao parked the spaceship, he looked at Feifei and said, ‘Feifei, we can get off the spaceship. We can go to this Grand Canyon on Mars to investigate. ’
After hearing what my father said, Feifei nodded and said, ‘Okay then! Let's take a look inside this sailor canyon. Maybe there will be something magical here. ’
Feifei also felt that the places where they found amethyst gemstones on Venus and Mercury were in some valleys. The amethyst gem on Mars must also be in the valley of Mars.
Speaking of the valley of Mars, of course, this one is the deepest part of Mars. If you want to go to Mars to find the third amethyst gem, of course the first choice is the Grand Canyon of the Sailors.
After Zhao Zhongyao discussed with Feifei, he began to wear the spacesuit. After all, the surface air on Mars is very thin. And there is no oxygen at all. So, if you want to travel on the surface of Mars, of course you have to wear a spacesuit.
The two quickly put on their spacesuits and wanted to get off the spacecraft. But every day when I look at this place, there seems to be nothing special. She feels that it should be safer here, so she wants to go outside. After all, for anyone who wants to travel to another planet, of course, he has to go and take a look at this planet himself. If you just stay in the spacecraft, it's the same as if you haven't visited this planet.
So, every day he looked at Zhao Zhongyao who was about to get off the spaceship and said, ‘Dad, can you let me and my mother go down and see. There seems to be no danger in this place! ’
After hearing what Tiantian said, Zhao Zhongyao said, ‘Everyday, you should stay with your mother on the spaceship! Don't think that there is no danger here. But when we go down, who knows what kind of danger we will encounter. I feel that you should stay in the spaceship with your mother! I just have to go down and have a look every day. ’
Every day when she heard what Zhao Zhongyao said, she pouted her mouth. Then he looked at Zhao Zhongyao and said, ‘Dad, my mother and I just went to see this spaceship and we are not far away. Why don’t you agree! ’
When Qu Yuqian saw that her daughter was reluctant, she also looked at Zhao Zhongyao and said, ‘Zhongyao, my daughter will go down first, let her go down for a while! I will accompany her down. Just take a look near the spaceship, we will be up soon. ’
When Zhao Zhongyao watched his wife say this, he had to look at his daughter and said, ‘Every day, then you and your mother will have a look near the spacecraft. Then go to the spaceship. ’
Hearing what my father said every day, she immediately became happy. She looked at Zhao Zhongyao with a smile and said, ‘Don’t worry, Dad, my mom and I won’t go very far. Just walk with you for a while and then come back to the spaceship. ’
‘Okay, then you two quickly put on your spacesuits. Zhao Zhongyao looked at Tiantian and Qu Yuqian and said.
After hearing what Zhao Zhongyao said, Qu Yuqian and her daughter hurriedly walked to a place where the spacesuits were placed and put on their spacesuits.
After wearing the spacesuits with their mother that day, they got off the spaceship with their father and brother.
Zhao Zhongyao now set off with his family from near the spaceship and walked towards a river valley not far away.