Chapter 457: "Nature" or "Science", this is a question

It is the sixteenth week of the school year. Starting from the seventeenth week of next week, it will be a four-week exam month.
After entering graduate school, Xu Qiu found that the number of closed-book exam courses had decreased. Most of the lecturers required open-book exams or students to report in ppt.
Including the "Composite Materials" which was selected as an undergraduate course, Xu Qiu also took the course of the same name during his postgraduate period. The assessment method of this course has changed from a closed-book examination in an undergraduate course to an open-book examination.
In addition, the instructor's requirements for students' ppt reporting are not high.
Generally speaking, we talk about the work that everyone is doing, or the work that has been published. If there is no specific work, it is okay to talk about the work of other people in the research group.
In other words, although the content of graduate-level courses is generally more difficult and in-depth than undergraduate components, the requirements for assessment are lower, which can be regarded as reducing the burden on graduate students.
On the one hand, the instructors themselves are generally master tutors or doctoral tutors, and they still understand the situation of graduate students.
On the other hand, if we explore this phenomenon in depth, we can find that there is still a shadow of involution behind it.
First of all, the inward scrolling of the scientific research circle puts huge scientific research pressure on teachers.
Based on this pressure, teachers tend to devote more energy to scientific research, rather than teaching aspects that are of no use to scientific research output, and often even the courseware is made by students in hand.
If the teachers did not prepare the lessons carefully, it would be difficult for them to have too many valuable things in the courses they taught. Then the students would not learn anything after listening to them. It would be better to look through the books, check the literature, or even thousands of degrees. Visiting forums is better than listening to lectures, and they tend not to listen to lectures seriously.
At the same time, there are also a one-size-fits-all factor in the school's design of training programs. Many compulsory courses are not required by all students.
Moreover, compared with academic literature, the speed of knowledge change in textbooks is very slow. Many old knowledge still exists in the current textbooks, and cutting-edge knowledge has not been updated.
If it is a basic subject, it is okay. A lot of knowledge will not be out of date, and materials, as applied sciences, are time-sensitive.
The content of some courses was very useful in the past, such as the background of the last century, but it has become a relatively niche field and is not universal.
Students find that even if they take this kind of course seriously, in the end, there is no use for them except to cope with the exam. Naturally, they don't have much thoughts of studying seriously.
It's like studying the "BB machine repair method" in the era when smart phones are popular.
Of course, the specific course arrangement will not be as exaggerated as the "bb machine", but most courses will more or less contain similar content.
In addition, the research pressure of the teachers will also be passed down to the graduate students, and the graduate students will get the research pressure, such as "postponing the sci if you don't have enough articles."
In terms of time allocation, they will be more inclined to be busy with their own scientific research in class, or skip class to do experiments altogether.
For various reasons, when students generally do not listen carefully to a class, it is impossible for the teacher to let most of them drop out of the course, so the difficulty of passing the course has to be reduced.
This can be regarded as a near-balanced state formed in a multi-party game.
Some people say that the cause of the chaos in universities and scientific research circles is the "sci-only hero" in China.
It is believed that as long as the sci evaluation standard is abolished, it will be greatly improved.
But in fact, high probability is still more difficult.
Maybe this kind of policy change will benefit some graduate students who only want to mix diplomas, but it is difficult to bring about too much change to the entire scientific research environment.
For essential reasons, there are still too many newcomers who have poured into this industry, and there are few places left for them, or the resources are not enough.
Just as "the young are strong, the flowers are strong...", whether an industry can grow depends mainly on the strength of the younger generation of the industry, and this is the backbone of the industry.
If the sci competition mechanism is not abolished, the green peppers (young scholars) will "play the east and the west" for promotion and pursue the "prosperous age under the assessment indicators."
If the sci competition mechanism is cancelled, and there is no sufficiently objective and fair competition mechanism, the promotion channel will be blocked for most, and the outstanding green peppers with no background will not be able to get in the position, and they will choose to run outside, and basically what is left They are relatively not so strong.
Faced with this situation, unless we find a way to increase the total amount of resources, that is, a great breakthrough in productivity, such as promoting a certain form of the fourth industrial revolution, developing strong artificial intelligence, and successfully achieving controllable nuclear fusion , Otherwise it is basically an unsolvable problem.
The status quo is that although everyone knows that the problem exists objectively there, there is no way to completely solve it. You can only try to find a balance from it, just like walking a tightrope, to stabilize yourself and not let yourself fall.
Not only at home, but this is also a problem faced by many developed countries.
Some are able to harvest other weak countries and increase their total resources, and they can temporarily be more moist, such as beautiful countries;
And if there is no way to harvest other countries, then you can only lie down and die, such as the neon country.
In this semester, Xu Qiu, in addition to the compulsory "Laboratory Safety Education" has ended, and got a P file (passed), there are three courses.
Among them, one is a separate open-book test, the other is an open-book test plus ppt report, and the other is a ppt report without an exam. The review pressure is not very great.
Therefore, in the next few days, Xu Qiu did not stop doing experiments.
He continued to optimize the idic-m-based stacked devices while preparing for the exam in his spare time.
On Friday, Feifei Wu found Xu Qiu and said,
The pcbm you bought from Nano-c in Beautiful Country has now arrived at the customs of the Magic City. You need to go through customs clearance procedures.

"Okay," Xu Qiu nodded in response: "Tell me about the previous customs clearance methods."
"Well, I'll send you a few documents. You can correct them accordingly, then print out the materials and submit them to the Asset Management Office for review. The specific customs clearance work will be handled by the agency. We only need to provide the materials..." As Wu Feifei said, she logged into WeChat on the computer to transfer files: "If you have any questions, please contact me again."
Feifei Wu usually handled the customs clearance for the purchase of imported drugs.
The pcbm this time, on the one hand, is regarded as a medicine purchased by the organic photovoltaic team, on the other hand, because she has been busy recently, she transferred the job to Xu Qiu.
In fact, similar things in the laboratory usually require several members to master the processing methods at the same time.
In this way, once the main person in charge has something to do or graduates, there is no need to worry about no one to succeed.
Otherwise, if everyone else has graduated, it wouldn't be nice for you to disturb them.
In addition, it is not reliable to expect everything to be completed at one time before graduation.
Not to mention that many people are a little bit "being in Cao Ying and heart in Han" when they are about to graduate. They don't pay much attention to the situation in the laboratory, and often they can't find anyone.
Even if it takes a few days to make the handover seriously, it is difficult to explain everything clearly.
Because many things are details, or trivial things, you can't think of them when you don't encounter them.
For example, how to replace a special screw, the storage location of a small device that is not commonly used, how to maintain the purification device of the glove box (sometimes it will only be maintained once a year or two), etc...
Therefore, in daily work, it is still necessary for everyone to be exposed to the mess in various research groups.
Xu Qiu received the four documents sent by Feifei Wu and began to browse them one by one.
Among them, two are new documents, and three are old documents used by Feifei Wu in customs declaration.
Among the new documents, there is a pdf file from fedex international express company, which is a notice of arrival issued by them.
The scanned copy of the express delivery note and various specific information of the express delivery are attached, including the time when the express arrives at Magic City Customs, the total air waybill number, the house waybill number, the number of express items, the weight of the express, the declared amount, etc., and it is also intimate A copy of the "Guide to Import Express Customs Clearance Service" is attached.
The other is a document in word format, from Mordu Jinshi Customs Broker Co., Ltd., which is a confirmation document for cargo clearance information.
The other company’s wording is very formal: "Your company is entrusted by fedex by our company for the import of express goods, and is solely responsible for your company's customs clearance. In order to handle the customs clearance procedures for your company as soon as possible, please cooperate in providing the following information and materials."
Finally, they also warmly reminded:
According to customs regulations, if the means of transport fails to declare to the customs within 14 days from the date of declaration of entry into the country, the relevant late declaration fee will be charged according to law. If there is no declaration to the customs for more than three months, the imported goods will be Customs extracts and sells according to law.
Xu Qiu took a look at it. The information they requested mainly included the import goods waybill number, business unit, customs ten-digit number, receiving unit, commodity inspection ten-digit number, trade method, freight information, cargo information, and so on.
The required information mainly includes customs declaration power of attorney, inspection power of attorney, contract and order, agency agreement, packing list, blank official seal paper, etc.
It's still more complicated.
Then, Xu Qiu looked at the three old documents sent to Feifei Wu, namely "Fullerene Derivatives-Information" and "Fullerene Derivatives-Other Information", as well as the previous documents that Wu Feifei filled out from the same A confirmation document for the customs clearance information of a customs declaration company.
Xu Qiu first opened the "Statement". The content of this file is relatively simple, which is a literal description of the situation:
Dear School Asset Management Office:
Due to the needs of my research work, I purchased 10 grams of fullerene derivative p and 1 gram of fullerene derivative from Nano-c Company of Beautiful Country. Due to its better solubility and high electron mobility It forms good phase separation with common polymer donor materials, and is mainly used as a standard for electron acceptors in organic solar cells. The polymer is artificially synthesized by chemical methods, has no animal origin, and has no active ingredients. The pcbm was shipped to Magic City on October 21 through fedex, the waybill number: 770543229636.
It is hereby stated that we hope that the relevant procedures will be approved.
Department of Materials Science, Mordu University
October 24, 2014
##
This document needs to be submitted to the school’s asset management office.
Xu Qiu used Wu Feifei's template and directly changed the date, waybill number, and the grams of pcbm, and then saved it.
This time p bought a total of 5 grams, and p bought 1 gram. The total cost was 2,270 US dollars, which is about 10,000 soft sister coins.
Among them, p one gram is 300 U.S. dollars, p one gram is 675 U.S. dollars, and the freight is 95 U.S. dollars.
It can also be seen from this that the cost of fullerene materials is actually much lower than that of non-fullerene materials at this stage. The cost of the latter 1 gram can buy the former 5 grams.
After all, p is modified on the basis of fullerene c-60. The molecular structure is relatively simple. C-60 has now been industrialized. There are many methods for mass production, and the price has been beaten.
The preparation process of non-fullerene materials is more complicated, often requiring more than five steps of synthesis reaction, and also involves the introduction of aldehyde groups under low temperature conditions of liquid nitrogen, and the reaction conditions are more extreme.
Of course, if a non-fullerene acceptor material with very good performance can be determined in the future, it can also be manufactured in large quantities to lower the price.
The current price is expensive, and there are also premiums for scientific research.
Then, Xu Qiu opened another "other information" file.
It's about the nature of pbcm, a total of seven basic information are listed, this can be used directly without modification:
1. Product name: Fullerene derivative (methyl phenylbutyrate)
2. Source: Chemically synthesized from c-60 and c-70
3. With or without activity: inactive
4. Fineness: None
5. Packaging: black plastic bottle
6. Model: p, p
7. Brand: beautiful country nano-c company
Finally, Xu Qiu opened the cargo clearance information confirmation document that Wu Feifei filled out last time.
He was also worried about how to inquire about various information including customs ten-digit number, commodity inspection ten-digit number, and hs number.
It's good now, just refer to Wu Feifei's historical version.
After Xu Qiu clarified the general process, he spent half an hour preparing the materials, and then printed out various documents to Wei Xingsi's office.
He gave all the materials to his younger brother Mo Wenlin.
Mo Wenlin changed hands and passed the document to Xu Xinjie.
Xu Xinjie took the materials and went out.
Speaking of which, Yin Houlang on the organic photovoltaic side saved a lot of errand time because he worked with Wu Shengnan in Jiangwan all the year round. Basically, all the errand tasks here were assigned to Xu Xinjie.
Finally, before leaving get off work at 5:30 in the evening, Xu Xinjie handed over the various materials reviewed by the school's asset management office to Xu Qiu.
Xu Qiu packed the materials and ordered a courier to mail it to Mordu Jinshi Customs Broker Co., Ltd.
The rest will be handled by the customs clearance company, just wait for the other party to send the pcbm materials.
On Sunday, the efficiency of stacked devices based on the idic-m system has reached 15.7% in the simulation laboratory.
At the same time, in reality, Xu Qiu also repeated the result of 15.4%, which has officially exceeded the original idic-4f system, and the upper limit of efficiency has increased by about 0.3%.
At this stage, it is indeed very difficult to improve further.
Xu Qiu estimated that the idic-m system might end here, and there is no hope of breaking through 16%.
After all, this is a conclusion drawn from thousands of devices in the simulation laboratory, and the number of samples is large enough.
Therefore, Xu Qiu decided to temporarily transfer the optimization work and repetitive experimental work of the stacked device in reality to Mo Wenlin.
To further improve the efficiency of stacked devices, a feasible path in Xu Qiu's concept is to keep the existing idic-m bottom cell unchanged and use the near-infrared receptor material developed by other research groups to replace the top cell- 4f.
Now in the simulation laboratory, simulation experimenters have synthesized several near-infrared non-fullerene materials selected by Xu Qiu, including coi8dfic, and have begun to formally explore the performance of laminated devices.
In reality, Wu Shengnan's progress is relatively slow, and the process of synthesizing several materials is about 70%.
It's normal and realistic. You can't work uninterrupted 24 hours a day.
On Monday, the group meeting.
The perovskite team will report first.
Based on the two-dimensional perovskite material translucent device, Feifei Wu’s jmca article has been written and submitted. Sun Wo's second work, Yu Ya and Deng Hu two undergraduates have mixed three or four works.
In addition, because Xu Qiu didn't make the devices too hard last week, leaving some space for them, Sun Wo prepared a total of three batches of stacked devices based on two-dimensional perovskites.
After Sun Wo broke the efficiency of laminated devices from 8% to 9.6% last week, they broke the efficiency to 10.1% again last week. Now the efficiency growth rate has obviously begun to slow down.
Wu Feifei saw that two-dimensional perovskite stacked devices were not very good at making a big story, so she planned to look for opportunities in new areas.
This time, she aimed at the tin-based two-dimensional perovskite system that Sun Wo had done for a period of time before and reported on the literature.
Mainly because of the recent publication of "Science" by tin-based two-dimensional perovskite.
A domestic team has achieved the efficiency of tin-based two-dimensional perovskite devices by 12%, while the efficiency of the previous tin-based two-dimensional perovskite system is often only a few percent or even a few tenths of a percent. A very big breakthrough.
The main advantage of tin-based perovskite materials is that they are lead-free and have little toxicity.
At the same time, the two-dimensional structure gives it high stability, so it is a perfect perovskite photoelectric material.
The main problem before was the relatively low efficiency. Now that the domestic team has made a breakthrough, Feifei Wu also wants to get in and see if he can get some results.
Of course, Wu Feifei did not rush to start the experiment and try it out. Her first plan is to do her job - to write an overview of this field.
Regarding the experiment, it was still left to Sun Wo and the others for the preliminary exploration work.
Duan Yun Group will be in a state of paddling.
Now the work related to thermoelectricity in the group is in a state of no successor. Although Feifei Wu has inherited some knowledge related to thermoelectricity through the handover, she usually mainly works in the perovskite field that she is more familiar with.
Last week, Duan Yun went back and talked with the vocational and technical college in Taicheng. What he learned is that the laboratory has a start-up fund of 50w, which must be bound for eight years and cannot leave. 60w of relocation allowance is paid out in five years. , Career establishment, rental subsidies, faculty and staff dormitories can also be provided, and work can be solved for spouses within a reasonable range...
Duan Yun did not disclose the salary. Xu Qiu speculated that the probability is not very high. After all, judging from the other benefits given by the other party, it is a bit too good...
Things are going to be reversed. The initial conditions given so good, it means that long-term income is mostly not good enough, and it is necessary to release "bait" to attract people to sign a "deed of sale."
Otherwise, a job with a low threshold like this will have a high probability of flooding into a large number of people, and the overall salary level will return to normal.
Moreover, Duan Yun was happy when he left, and expressionless when he came back.
I guess my heart is also tangled.
If you choose to go back, you are faced with a relatively comfortable job that can lie flat. The upper limit will not be too high. You may have a salary of several thousand yuan a month, and there is no hope of promotion. The days are almost like drinking tea every day and scrolling through the page. Occasionally teach and teach students, do experiments.
If you work hard and stay in first-tier cities, such as the startup company that went to Warwick or Magic City, the upper limit will be higher, but it may be very hard, or you may lose your job due to lack of energy in your middle-aged.
Tian Qing's writing speed suddenly accelerated last week. The work of "Research on the Charge Transport Mechanism of Non-Fullerene Systems with Linearly Varying Homo Energy Level Differences" has reached 90% of the current progress, and the target journal is acsami.
She is an intermittent effort. Sometimes when she wants to do scientific research, she puts in more energy, and when she doesn't want to do scientific research, she puts in less energy.
Chen Wanqing did not report, the team will draw +1.
Xu Qiu did not report, and the team will draw +2.
Because during the few days when Xu Qiu made laminated devices last week, Wei Xingsi was extremely diligent. He ran to the laboratory several times a day, and asked Xu Qiu how he was doing.
Every time Xu Qiu just got the result, Wei Xingsi could understand it for the first time, so he didn't need to repeat it again.
Han Jiaying continues to write articles on h5 donor materials, the target journal jmca, and the current progress is 85%.
In addition, the work of ptq1, only the light source data, will be able to get the complete data next week.
Just after the jmca article in the hands of the school girl is voted, I can seamlessly connect and write a new article.
This ptq1 work is still very meaningful. A donor material with a simple structure and relatively few synthesis steps was developed, while maintaining excellent optical and electrical properties of the device.
Han Jiaying said before:
If you let your seniors write articles for this job, you can have two people together, whoever is on the top and whoever is on the bottom is fine.

Xu Qiu thought for a while, and decided to let the schoolgirl write by herself. He has been a bit busy lately.
This job can be a big article, you can try am or nc.
After all, this experimental idea is also among several experimental ideas, and the high-quality results screened out by the simulation laboratory cannot be wasted.
To a certain extent, Xu Qiu has a lot of scientific research achievements in his mind, and he obtained a "Jian Wang" level scientific research result through internal scrolling.
Xu Qiu suddenly discovered that many things can be explained by the introductory model.
Scrolling seems to be a more generalized model-everything can be scrolled.
The Jieqing Fund application form written by Wu Shengnan for Wei Xingsi has been completed. Xu Qiu helped to read it last week, and the book written was still good, mainly because the two had many discussions in the middle, so the postdoctoral sister's direction There is no deviation.
In terms of experiments, the coi8dfic and other materials she synthesized at Jiangwan are currently making 70% progress.
My own foic material has been synthesized, and plans to prepare translucent devices have begun.
Mo Wenlin also did not do much experiment last week, and continued to concentrate on collating work based on the j2:pce10:-4f system, the target journal afm, the current progress is six and a half.
Several undergraduates did not participate in the group meeting due to the exam week, which also reduced the frequency of going to the laboratory.
Because there are more people paddling in the group today, it was relatively brief, and it only lasted about half an hour before it ended.
After the group meeting, Wei Xingsi said: "Xu Qiu, come to my office. UU reading www.uukanshu.com"
Entering the 218 office, Wei Xingsi said straightforwardly: "Laminated devices now have an efficiency of 15.3%. This result is very good... I think we will write the article first, what do you think?"
"Hmm..." Xu Qiu began to think. The highest result in his simulation laboratory is 15.7%. He originally wanted to wait for 16% before writing an article. But since Teacher Wei took the initiative to mention it, he considered writing and writing articles. There is no conflict in doing experiments. Any efficiency breakthrough can be followed up at any time, so he nodded and agreed: "Yes."
"The question is here. What journal do you plan to submit for this article?" Wei Xingsi said in a relaxed tone and joked: "Nature or Science. This is a problem. You can't vote for Cell."
Xu Qiu pondered for a moment, and said, "Science, if you are rejected, you will switch to Nature. If you are rejected again, there is a high probability that you will be transferred to the big magazine of Nature, which is not a big loss."
"...Okay," Wei Xingsi had no objection: "Just write according to the template of "Science" first, come on!"
High-speed text hand typing I have a list of chapters of the scientific research assistance system