Chapter 464: A full-fledged school girl, the efficiency of the actual stacked device has exceeded ten...

On Friday morning, Xu Qiu received an email from Wei Xingsi and learned that the previous "Joule" article with "scratch, colorful, and translucent" as its highlight, the review comments have been returned.
The editor sent a total of two reviewers for review, and they all gave very high evaluations.
Reviewer 1: "This work is very enlightening, and it is recommended to accept it directly."
Reviewer 2: "It is recommended to accept directly, or refer to the following amendments..."
In the end, the editor's opinion was "No need to modify, the article is accepted directly."
In this case, for some questions raised by the second reviewer, you only need to write a simple reply, and you do not need to modify the text.
To be honest, Xu Qiu was slightly surprised to see this result.
It has been a long time since he received the review comments of "Suggested Articles Direct Acceptance", and the comments received before are generally major or minor revisions.
Moreover, Xu Qiu feels that this work is "higher":
In the reported system, the device efficiency is not top-notch, but the gimmicks that can be used in the field of organic photovoltaics are basically used all over again, but the journals they voted for are high-end journals such as "Joule".
Therefore, Xu Qiu had already planned to revise the article drastically, and even switched to AM and EES after being rejected.
Now it can be accepted directly without modification, probably because the article fits the positioning of "Joule".
In addition to pursuing breakthroughs in efficiency, they may also care about these gimmicks.
In other words, although Xu Qiu's article lacks the hard power in terms of efficiency, the story is pretty good and the soft power is relatively strong.
On the other hand, it may also be because Xu Qiu has led the team this year and made very high contributions to the field of organic photovoltaics.
Wei Xingsi's research group, or Xu Qiu, has already gained academic influence and has become a leader in the field of organic photovoltaics.
The probability of a big man submitting a manuscript in an article may be several hundred percent higher than that of a small group of unknown subjects.
However, Xu Qiu was not ecstatic, but rather calm inside.
For him now, with more articles posted, it feels like that. Only CNS can barely bring him up.
Xu Qiu is no longer a scientific researcher who published an SCI second area at the beginning, and can be excited for a long time.
Just like reading online articles, repeat a routine, and you will get tired after reading too much, and the same is true if you post too many articles.
The pleasure that people get from the same thing will gradually decrease as the number of repetitions increases and the age increases.
This is why it is easy for husbands and wives to have problems when they are old if they cannot convert love into family affection in their middle age.
In addition, after this "Joule" article was successfully accepted, all of Xu Qiu's current work is in a published/received state.
The main reason is that Xu Qiu has been trying to attack the CNS during this period, and there is no small article about it.
The impact on CNS is indeed slower.
Xu Qiu was in the bed and wrote a reply to Teacher Wei, congratulating each other on the article "Joule", and then he glanced at the simulation laboratory.
It was found that the efficiency of stacked devices finally made a breakthrough.
The main explorations in the simulation laboratory are two laminated systems:
One is a system based on the ternary J4:PCBM:IDIC-M bottom battery and the binary PCE10:-4F top battery, referred to as ternary IDIC-M/bin-4F;
The other is a system based on ternary J4: PCBM: IDIC-M bottom battery and binary PCE10: COi8DFIC top battery, referred to as ternary IDIC-M/binary COi8DFIC;
Among them, the ternary IDIC-M/binary-4F system, on the basis of the original 15.91% efficiency, has moved upward by 0.07% to reach 15.98%, but the upside is obviously insufficient.
On the other hand, the ternary IDIC-M/binary COi8DFIC system, after these days of exploration, the device performance has risen like a rocket.
The current efficiency has officially broken through the 16% mark
Reached 16.22%!
The difference in performance of the two systems mainly comes from the short-circuit current density.
The short-circuit current density of the ternary IDIC-M/binary COi8DFIC system can reach 14.32 mA per square centimeter, which is an increase of approximately 2.4% compared to the 13.98 mA per square centimeter of the ternary IDIC-M/binary-4F system .
The changes in the open circuit voltage and fill factor of the two are not large.
In the end, this difference is reflected in the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the device, which is the change from 15.91% of the latter to 16.22% of the former, which is also an increase of about 2% (relative value), which is equivalent to the increase in short-circuit current density.
Although the relative improvement of 2% seems to be small, in the final stage of efficiency sprint, every little bit of optimization is very critical.
After obtaining the data, Xu Qiu began to explore the reasons behind this experimental phenomenon, to see if he could find a reasonable explanation and room for further optimization.
On the one hand, Xu Qiu believes that the change in short-circuit current density of the two laminated systems can be attributed to the difference in the original binary single junction system.
Although the forbidden band width of COi8DFIC and -4F are the same, when the device is actually fabricated, the microscopic morphology of the formed effective layer film will also affect the short-circuit current density.
This leads to the short-circuit current density of the PCE10:COi8DFIC system in the binary single junction system, which is higher than that of the PCE10:-4F. The former can reach about 26 mA per square centimeter, while the latter is only 23-24 mA. Per square centimeter.
Now that they are used in top cells in stacked devices, there is a high probability that some of their characteristics in the binary single junction system will be "inherited".
On the other hand, another article based on the COi8DFIC ternary system in Li Dan's group gave Xu Qiu ideas for further optimization.
The introduction of PCBM before the laminated device is not to improve the device efficiency of the corresponding sub-cell, but to facilitate the adjustment of the light absorption performance of each sub-cell of the laminated device, so that the short-circuit current density of the top cell and the bottom cell match.
In other words, whether the PCBM is placed in the bottom battery or the top battery is actually not very important.
Now, the optimal laminated system is the ternary IDIC-M/binary COi8DFIC system.
According to the results reported by Li Dan's research group, the ternary system based on COi8DFIC has higher device efficiency than the binary system of COi8DFIC.
The experimental results in my own group show that the performance of the ternary IDIC-M system is not significantly different from the performance of the binary IDIC-M system.
Therefore, Xu Qiu came up with the idea of ​​transferring PCBM from the bottom battery to the top battery, that is, to build a binary IDIC-M/ternary COi8DFIC system.
Anyway, the IDIC-M system can operate as usual without PCBM, and if the COi8DFIC system is added to PCBM, it may be able to "take it to the next level".
This may be a feasible solution.
Of course, because there are many chaotic models in reality, there are many variables.
The idea that is feasible in theory, whether it works in practice, still needs to be tested with practice.
Therefore, Xu Qiu threw this experimental idea to the simulation laboratory and let the simulation experimenters explore it on their behalf.
It was past eight o'clock in the morning, and Xu Qiu still stayed in the bed.
Because the days have reached the end of December, winter has officially entered.
The winter in the magic city is still relatively cold, wet and cold, and the dormitory is not air-conditioned in order to save electricity. It is indeed a very courageous thing to get up.
In fact, with Xu Qiu's current economic strength, "air conditioning freedom" can still be achieved.
But Xu Qiu was accustomed to being poor when he was a child. It was really hard to develop the habit of spending money when he was a little and a half older. He can always save or save, including the bonuses he received from Wei Xingsi. He saved it.
Of course, objectively, people engaged in scientific research have nowhere to spend money.
The whole day is the laboratory, the canteen, the dormitory, three o'clock and one line, there is not much time for oneself, and there is no way to consume.
The only place I can consume may be to equip myself with a good laptop and mobile phone, but these two items add up to a few thousand to ten or twenty thousand at most, and they can be used for several years after they are bought.
Or just watch and play games, but as long as you don’t die, you can’t spend a lot of money.
Xu Qiu struggled to get up, wash, then exercise early with her school girl, eat breakfast, and finally go to Caiyi together.
At the door of 216, Xu Qiu saw Fan Wentang, a prospective doctoral student who had come for an interview before.
Fan Wentang greeted the two of Xu Qiu and said: "Brother Xu Qiu, I'm here a bit early, haven't you yet gone to work?"
"Yes," Xu Qiu nodded, and responded: "We usually start at 9:30 in the morning. We don't come here too early, because..."
Xu Qiu thought for a moment, but did not choose to help Wei Xingsi conceal the real working hours in the group: "Because graduate students usually stay until ten o'clock in the evening, or even after ten o'clock."
He thinks what he thinks should be, what he thinks, everyone clearly marked the price, how the work intensity is, what is expected in return, make it clear, don’t say that you trick people in first, and then tell the other party, sorry, we implement flexible work System, you need to frequently bounce into 996.
Of course, Xu Qiu's thinking belongs to students. If you stand from the perspective of a tutor, the benefits of cheating in is obviously higher.
Although there is an old saying that "do not do to others what you don't want to do", it is still more difficult to do this by becoming a teacher after becoming a student and not forgetting your original intention.
Fan Wentang didn't have any particular reaction: "Our original research group was similar, until 7 in the morning, and worked until 5 in the afternoon, but we would often work overtime until 8 or 9 in the evening."
Xu Qiu let out a "Yeah", and then pointed at Fan Wentang with his hand, turning around to introduce to the school girl: "This is the prospective doctoral student Fan Wentang, who was planning to come here to study for a Ph.D. From Eastern Expedition University."
"Then why did he call you brother?" Han Jiaying asked in confusion.
"This..." Xu Qiu explained: "Fan Wentang, our research team does not have such a deep level. Everyone can call by their names, and I just graduated from my undergraduate degree this year, so I don't need to call me brother. Yes... This is Han Jiaying. This year's senior year, she has already completed the postgraduate program. Later, she will come to us to study for a master's degree."
"No wonder I looked at you so young, you just graduated from college." Fan Wentang said with emotion.
Afterwards, Fan Wentang looked at Xu Qiu and Han Jiaying thoughtfully, and realized that there seemed to be a special relationship between the two, but he did not ask it out, but exclaimed: "You are really amazing, Han Jiaying's name I also had the impression when I read the article of the research group. There are quite a lot of academic achievements, but I didn’t expect to be an undergraduate. The students at Mordu University are so strong..."
"Of course it's not universally good, mainly because Xu Qiu is stronger. This is the golden thigh in our research group..." Mo Wenlin appeared in front of the three at some unknown time, and took the stubborn words: "I am Mo Wenlin, Doctor One In the grade, Kainan University came to co-train it. Are you a new doctoral student? I seem to have heard Xu Qiu say before."
"I'm not a PhD student yet, and I haven't graduated with a master's degree yet," Fan Wentang scratched his head: "Today I took care of everything at school, so I came to have a look, but I didn't expect to come early."
"Let's come in first, don't just stand at the door." While talking, Xu Qiu swiped the door open with a pass card, and led everyone into 216.
Subsequently, Xu Qiu arranged Fan Wentang to sit in Wu Shengnan's position.
Because the post-doctorate elder sister usually resides in Jiangwan now, the position on Handan's side is vacant.
The number of people in the group is increasing day by day, and indeed it should be divided into two batches, otherwise a small office would have to squeeze 14 people, and it would be difficult to think about it.
After everyone sat down, Fan Wentang said to Xu Qiu: "I called Teacher Wei before, and he said that if I'm not here today, let me come over and find you to report directly."
"Well, yes, then you just follow Han..." Xu Qiu originally planned to hand over Fan Wentang to the school girl. At this time, seeing Chen Wanqing pushing in, he changed his mind: "The Lord is here, Chen Wanqing Sister, this is Fan Wentang, your successor. You can hand over your work or something. By the way, why didn't you go to the Blue River today?"
While looking at Fan Wentang up and down, Chen Wanqing explained casually:
I went to the Blue River for four consecutive days in the previous few days. Today I am going to take a day off. It’s better to be a student. If you want to rest, you can rest..."
Speaking of the latter, the senior sister's voice became smaller and smaller. She seemed to remember the fear of being dominated by Wei·The Great Demon·Xingsi, and finally sighed slightly: "Hey, reading a Ph.D. and work seem to be half a catty."
After Fan Wentang was arranged, Xu Qiu began to plan today's experiment.
Although breakthroughs have been made in the simulation laboratory, they still have to be repeated in reality.
Mo Wenlin still has an exam this afternoon. If she can't count on her, Xu Qiu intends to do it herself.
When he got up and headed to the inner laboratory, he was stopped by Han Jiaying, who was sitting next to him: "Brother, are you doing an experiment?"
Xu Qiu looked at the school girl: "Huh?"
Han Jiaying smiled and said, "Are there any challenging experiments? Please rest assured to arrange it for me."
Xu Qiu touched his non-existent beard, thought for a moment, and said, "Are you writing an article and hurting?"
Han Jiaying nodded like a chicken pecking at rice: "Yes, yeah, I have been writing articles for almost a month, and I can't write."
"..." Xu Qiu thought for a while and said, "Well, you can make today's laminated devices."
Just before, I arranged four works for the school girl in the "Science" article, and now let her make the best laminated device. With this contribution, it is definitely enough to take four works.
This is also the benefit of the small research group. There are not so many twists and turns in the author's ranking.
If it is a multi-party cooperation, there are three, four, or even five or six work units, and the author's ranking may need to be determined through multilateral negotiation.
Although the preparation of laminated devices has not been done before by schoolgirls, in principle, the laminated devices are similar to ordinary single-junction devices. Spin coating and evaporation are indispensable, but the process is slightly more complicated.
Therefore, for Han Jiaying, it is not too difficult.
Xu Qiu changed the optimal set of conditions in the simulation laboratory and told the school girl to let her play freely within a range.
Although the optimal conditions are known, they cannot be given directly, which is too false.
Settling down for the school girl, Xu Qiu returned to the office and said with emotion: "It's rare to want to do the experiment on my own, but I didn't expect to be robbed by the school girl."
Then Xu Qiu continued to revise the "Science" article.
Before, he only wrote out the first draft, and what he got was not the final version.
In some details, we still need to continue to sculpt, try to let others see this work, can have more inspiration.
Rather than saying that after reading it, people just think: "How much have they achieved efficiency, wow, good NB!" Then there is no other gain.
Therefore, in addition to highlighting the high efficiency of the device, the semi-empirical analysis in the article is also a more important point.
Although this part of semi-empirical analysis is a story added later, for applied sciences such as materials, theory always lags behind practice.
Therefore, there is no need to be too entangled in who comes first, as long as it is easy to use.
Here, Xu Qiu started to talk about the specific material selection rules, that is, how to select and design materials when excluding the factors of device processing technology.
Another point is the problem of PCBM. Xu Qiu had always used it as a means to assist in regulating light absorption, but now it can add in its possible impact on device performance.
However, limited by the length of the 2500-word article, Xu Qiu added some content and had to transfer some of the less important content to the supporting information.
This process is still quite painful. The words that I coded out look like my own children, and I don't want to lose any of them.
Time flickered, and it was more than five o'clock in the afternoon in a blink of an eye.
Xu Qiu changed the article for a day, and felt a little backache. I have to say that changing the article is more tiring than playing games with school girls.
In the laboratory, Han Jiaying has just completed the evaporation of the device and is in the process of shutting down the molecular pump.
The production cycle of laminated devices is still relatively long. If it is an ordinary single-junction device, if you start to make the device in the morning, it is estimated that the vapor deposition has been completed and the test has been completed by now.
Looking at it now, it must be impossible to complete the testing of this batch of stacked devices before half past five.
Therefore, Xu Qiu and Han Jiaying discussed and decided to go out for dinner together, and then go back to the laboratory for device testing.
Anyway, if the device is stored in a vacuum atmosphere for a short time, there is a high probability that it will not deteriorate.
Speaking of, tomorrow Saturday, which happens to be New Year's Day, the two of them also bought tickets for the New Year's Eve movie at midnight.
Just after dinner, I came back to do a wave of experiments and watched a New Year's Eve movie together. The days were very fulfilling.
For dinner, Han Jiaying chose a new Sichuan restaurant called "Happy Delivery" on Daxue Road.
The reason why I didn't go to the Wujiaochang business district is because today's New Year's Eve is superimposed on Friday, and there must be a lot of people there.
As a result, when Xu Qiu and Han Jiaying arrived at the "Happy Delivery", they found that there were quite a few people here.
However, when they came, the two of them took a number and found that there were more than 40 tables waiting in front of them.
Then there is a long wait...
I have been waiting for nearly an hour and a half, and by 7 o'clock in the evening, the two people entered the restaurant under the leadership of the waiter.
The dishes here taste pretty good, of course, it may also be related to the Sichuan cuisine itself.
Because of the presence of chili and pepper, Sichuan cuisine is delicious, and the threshold is slightly lower than other cuisines.
Anyway, I just put chili peppers without thinking. To a certain extent, I can't tell the original taste of the ingredients.
This may be the reason why Sichuan cuisine can spread all over the country and even spread abroad. Chili is a good thing.
Originally, Han Jiaying hadn't had much contact with Sichuan cuisine before, but now she was taken by Xu Qiu, and she was also embraced by Sichuan cuisine.
At about 8:30 in the evening, Xu Qiu and Han Jiaying, who were full and full, returned to Caiyi.
At this point in time, Caiyi, except for the uncle in the concierge who is still watching TV with the lights on, the lights in the other rooms are basically black, and 216 and 218 are no exception. It seems that everyone has gone for the holidays.
Xu Qiu and Han Jiaying entered 216, put on lab coats, and began to work.
Generally, it is relatively fast to test the J-V characteristic curve of the device separately.
Because there is no need to install a sample holder, it can be tested directly by wiring in the glove box, so it can be tested in about three to five minutes, and more than ten data points can be obtained.
A batch of 12 pieces of standard devices means that it takes half an hour to an hour.
But if the performance of the device is better, it is more troublesome to measure the J-V curve together with the external quantum efficiency EQE.
Because testing the EQE curve requires installing the device in the sample holder, taking it outside the glove box for testing, disassembling, transferring, debugging, plus testing, it takes five to ten minutes to test a piece of device.
If you test both J-V and EQE, with 12 devices, it will take two to three hours to add up.
It's half past eight, and it's not too late in time.
However, Xu Qiu didn't know that it was time to pray that the performance of these devices would be better and a breakthrough in efficiency could be achieved;
I still pray that the performance of these devices will be worse, and there is no need to test the EQE, so that they can save some energy, fortunately they can have some extra activities after the New Year's Eve movie.
Han Jiaying didn't know what Xu Qiu was thinking, she reached into the evaporation glove box with both hands, opened the evaporation hatch, removed the laminated device from the sample holder, and picked a piece at will.
Xu Qiu glanced at the label on the substrate and found that it happened to be the corresponding optimal condition in the simulation laboratory. It was a coincidence. He muttered in his heart:
"In the simulation laboratory, the device efficiency under this condition is 16.22%. In reality, if the device does not cause problems, the highest should be 15.5%, or 15.6, 15.7, 5.8%?"
"Boom" The simulated solar light source is activated.
"Dip..." The source meter started.
The voltage and current values ​​on the source meter are changing rapidly.
The results of device performance are displayed on the computer screen.
"16%!" Seeing the result, Han Jiaying said excitedly, "Brother, 16%! 16%!"
Xu Qiu blurted out a "fuck", what's the situation?
The efficiency was 16.15%, almost catching up with the data in the simulation laboratory. Xu Qiu couldn't figure it out.
He first gave the school girl a "love hug from behind~EbookFREE.me~" and then said: "Change to another place, test it again? "
As a result, after changing a point, the efficiency is still 16.09%, which is very stable.
Continue to change the test position, the efficiency is still 16.07%.
Xu Qiu began to analyze the possible reasons in his mind.
He doesn't think this is simply because the school girl is full of European spirit, and one experiment happened to fluctuate the efficiency data to near the maximum value.
In terms of experimentation, if there is an abnormally bad situation, it can be attributed to bad luck, or failure to do the experiment well.
But if you encounter an unusually good situation, it is probably not caused by luck, but is driven by other factors behind it.
PS: Asking for a monthly pass, 嘤嘤嘤, now the monthly pass is 1443 tickets, I look forward to seeing... tickets when I get up tomorrow morning?
High-speed text hand typing I have a list of chapters of scientific research assistance system