Chapter 510: Ironworks (3)

Here in Chu, a blast furnace with a volume of 15 cubic meters is larger than any other blast furnace in other places. However, if such a blast furnace is in the 21st century, hehe, that is a joke. ??Huoranwen???. r?a?n??e?
If Lin Ze really builds such a blast furnace at that time, I believe it will be'famous' throughout the country!
At present, blast furnaces under 200 cubic meters in China must be shut down forcibly, and abroad, such as Japan, already use 5,000 cubic meters of blast furnaces.
Now the technological progress is really too fast!
Of course, the refining of the blast furnace does not mean that there is no technology at all, and the difficulty is still there.
The blast furnaces in Chu Kingdom were built directly from clay or red bricks. The blast furnaces built in this way have no major problems. However, the shortcoming is the extremely short life span.
During ironmaking, the temperature is extremely high, and ordinary clay or red bricks cannot withstand high temperatures. The blast furnace built in this way can only be discarded after a period of use.
Lin Zeke didn't want the blast furnace he built to be of such a low quality, so he directly prepared to use high-grade refractory materials used in modern steel-making furnaces in the lining of the blast furnace.
Don't look at these four words of modern blast furnace, you think that the technical content is extremely high, and it seems that feudal society can't get it at all. In fact, this is not the case.
The technical content of modern high-grade refractory materials is extremely low, as long as the raw materials are found, they can be easily manufactured.
So what are the advanced refractory materials used only in modern blast furnaces?
Very simple, it is actually high alumina clay.
This stuff has high alumina content. After grinding, limestone is calcined, which is refractory cement; directly pressed into bricks, it can be fired into refractory bricks at a high temperature of 1300 degrees.
Found high alumina clay, the rest is to make high alumina clay into refractory bricks.
Even children can do this thing.
In addition to the replacement of refractory materials, Lin Ze also made some changes to the blowers of the steel-making furnace.
When iron making, because of the need to increase the firepower, so get some blowers.
Modern blast furnaces are dedicated fans. They are powerful, convenient, and safe. However, in Chu, the blowers used in blast furnaces are still very old blowers. They are the simplest, wood-made blowers.
There are two types of such bellows, one is like an accordion, with wooden boards up and down, folded leather around, and it is not efficient to step on the blast when it is used, and the other is a big wood There is a shutter in the middle of the box, and the middle of the wood is directly pushed and pulled by human power.
The first type of organ-like bellows has been used for a long time, and the leather will age. In this case, it is easy to be dangerous.
You can imagine that when you are making iron, the blast furnace is in need of home air, but because the blower is aging, it is too late to replace it. At this time, there will inevitably be insufficient air supply. The iron-making blast furnace may be frying.
And the blast furnace is really about to happen. The scarlet hot metal in the blast furnace, which has a temperature of thousands of degrees, will directly flow out. At this time, the workers near the blast furnace may not be completely burned by the hot metal. Coke.
It’s more than that. Once the blast furnace explodes, its power is equivalent to a huge bomb. As long as people within a hundred meters of the blast furnace are in danger of life, don’t look at the blower as a small thing. It looks like it is actually very important when making iron.
Therefore, for safety, Lin Ze directly eliminated these organ-like blowers and replaced them with valve-pull blowers. Such blowers are relatively safe, and, most importantly, such blowers can be powered by water trucks.
Using the force of the eccentric wheel, the rotary motion is directly converted into a reciprocating motion, which in turn provides continuous power to pull the blower.
Because of the sufficient hydraulic power, Lin Ze arranged five wind boxes and five air ducts directly around each blast furnace, and made three spare wind boxes to prevent accidents.
The replacement of the hand blower is easier and safer than the organ blower.
Lin Ze also refers to some technologies of modern blast furnaces and directly puts the last section of the air inlet before the furnace together with the blast furnace. Below the air inlet is a fire pond isolated from the air inlet, which can be filled with charcoal or Coal is used to add air. Before entering the furnace, the air is directly heated in the air inlet to 800 to 1000 degrees.
Air preheating is the most critical step in improving the efficiency of ironmaking in modern steel production. This technology was invented in modern times. In ancient times, there was no technology to pay attention to.
Because this technique is extremely simple, Lin Ze moved directly to the blast furnace.
In addition to the huge furnace body of the blast furnace, Lin Ze also used solid wood to build a stand-alone inspection tower with supporting points falling on the ground.
As for whether the inspection tower built with wood is sturdy, hehe, there are many kinds of trees on the mainland of Shenzhou that are as strong as steel, so don't worry about the quality of the inspection tower built with wood.
In addition, Lin Ze also used the chute, pulley and pulley group to form the furnace top feeding system, which greatly facilitated the filling during iron making, speeded up the iron making speed, and reduced the risk during feeding.
Of course, the molten iron initially produced by such a blast furnace is pig iron with high carbon content and many impurities. However, such pig iron can already be used to cast large iron parts, such as iron anchors, hammers, general agricultural tools, etc. thing.
Therefore, Lin Ze directly connects a groove to the iron outlet, which is usually closed and opened if necessary.
As soon as the trench is opened, the hot molten iron in the blast furnace will be directly injected into the mold outside, and then cast into a large iron piece.
Of course, there is really no problem with the use of such pig iron to make agricultural tools, but it is still a little bit worse when it is used to make weapons. Therefore, Lin Ze also needs to make these pig iron into steel.
To this end, Lin Ze built a large iron-roasting furnace directly next to the blast furnace to make pig iron into steel.
The shape of this iron-fired stove is a bit like a kung fu tea cup. The upper end is large and the lower end is small. It is a reverberatory furnace type separated by flame and iron. It is also built of refractory bricks used in the blast furnace as a whole. The bottom of the hearth is recessed, surrounded by an arched furnace wall, the lower part is the combustion chamber, and the air inlet is at the bottom of the combustion chamber.
In fact, the structure of this iron stove can be regarded as a three-story building. The third and second floors are isolated from each other. Between the first and second floors are multiple movable iron fences.
When in use, the cast iron molten iron is directly poured from the blast furnace to the third floor, and then the coal is directly laid on the second floor, and then ignited to allow the coal to burn on the iron fence to heat the pig iron on the third floor.
Wait until the combustion is almost enough. After enough, you can simply burn the residue left by the coal and turn over the iron fence, so that the carbon residue will directly fall into the removal room on the first floor, waiting for the carbon above the iron fence. After all the has fallen to the first floor, the iron fence can be laid flat, and then coal can be added to it from a 45-degree diagonal coal inlet.
It can be said that the design of this iron cooking furnace is extremely superb, and the process of iron cooking is extremely simple and effective.
The power of the iron frying furnace is the same as that of the previous blast furnace iron making. It is also different from the blast furnace. There is a high chimney built on the side of the iron frying furnace to discharge the exhaust gas.
(Actually, Lin Ze wanted to use modern machines to provide power to help iron making. However, modern machines need either electricity or diesel or gasoline. Lin Ze really can’t get these things right now, so Lin When Ze made iron, he only used water power.
Of course, some people here will also say that before Lin Ze had installed some wind turbines outside his house, and after the research of these wind turbines, these wind turbines were directly reduced a lot, and the power was increased. Many, in this case, can't they provide electricity directly?
Haha, this is indeed the case, but if you think about it, would a small amount of electricity be needed in places like ironworks? ! Moreover, the number of wires that need to be laid out in a large plant like an ironworks must be an astronomical figure. Lin Ze never thought before that he would come to mainland China, where would he prepare so many wires.
Finally, the most important point is that Lin Ze does not have any power maintenance workers. Since ironworks use electricity as power, they need some electric power maintenance workers to ensure that there will be no problems with electricity transportation.
However, where is there a power repairer in a feudal society like Chu State, and there are not enough power repairers~EbookFREE.me~ How dare you just apply electricity barefoot to the ironworks directly? !
Therefore, although Lin Ze has some highly efficient wind power generation equipment in hand, it is completely impossible to get it to be used in ironworks in a short time. )
In ancient China, there was a record about fried steel. The fried iron in the iron-fired furnace was stirred by human power. When frying the iron, there were always one or more strong men by the iron-fired furnace. Stir-fried iron rods made of iron, constantly stirring the wrought iron rods back and forth in the iron stove.
In this way, it is indeed possible to point out steel, but this is not only dangerous, but also extremely inefficient. The most important thing is that the steel produced in this way is not of high quality.
After all, manpower is limited, so the continuous use of wrought iron rods to fry the pig iron in the iron furnace, even the strongest person, can not support for half an hour, and at this time, perhaps the pig iron has just reacted to the most important time. Once the frying is stopped at this time, the pig iron reaction will not be complete, resulting in the steel quality not being optimal.
Therefore, whether it is for the safety of personnel or to improve the efficiency of steelmaking, Lin Ze directly introduced hydraulic power to help stir iron. (...)